Zearalenone toxicosis on reproduction as estrogen receptor selective modulator and alleviation of zearalenone biodegradative agent in pregnant sows

Table 1 Diet composition (as-fed basis)

Items	Percentage, %
Ingredients, %
Corn	60.52
Soybean meal, 43%	16.00
Soybean oil	1.00
Apple pomace	10.50
Soybean hull	8.50
Calcium phosphate	1.70
Limestone	0.94
Lysine (70%)	0.01
Threonine (99%)	0.02
Mineral premix^a	0.03
Vitamin premix^b	0.03
Sodium chloride	0.50
Choline (60%)	0.20
Ethoxyquin (66%)	0.05
Total	100.00
Analyzed value
Crude protein (CP), %	13.02
Metabolic energy (ME), kcal/kg^d	2700
Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) lys, %^d	0.57
Lysine (Lys), %	0.66
Methionine (Met) + cysteine (Cys), %	0.42
Threonine (Thr), %	0.51
Tryptophan (Trp), %	0.13
Calcium (Ca), %	0.90
Phosphorus (P), %	0.55

^a Provided per kilograms of diet: vitamin A, 17,500 IU; vitamin D₃, 5000 IU; vitamin E, 40 IU; vitamin K₃, 5 mg; vitamin B₁, 5 mg; vitamin B₂, 12.5 mg; vitamin B₆, 7.5 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.05 mg; biotin, 0.2 mg; folic acid, 2 mg; niacin, 30 mg; D-calcium pantothenate, 25 mg;
^b Provided per kg diet: Fe, 100 mg as ferrous sulfate; Cu, 17 mg as copper sulfate; Mn, 40 mg as manganese oxide; Zn, 100 mg as zinc oxide; I, 0.25 mg as potassium iodide; and Se, 0.25 mg as sodium selenite
^c Mycotoxin biodegradation agent (MBA) was added at the expense of corn
^d Calculated values

ISSN: 2049-1891