Fig. 4

Effect of LF administration on the relative abundance of bacterial phyla. A and C Stacked bar chart of the 4 most abundant bacterial phyla in mucosal scrapings and faecal content. A Sample from the non-infected groups (bLF and PBS), C Samples from pigs challenged with STEC (STEC and STEC + bLF). B Relative abundance (RA) microbiota mucosal scrapings Ileum from the non-infected group, D RA microbiota mucosal scrapings ileum from the STEC challenge group. bLF: bovine lactoferrin, LP: lamina propria, PP: Peyer’s patches, STEC: Shiga toxin-producing E. coli. Data was shown as mean ± SD; **P < 0.01