Fig. 3

Treatment with S. maltophilia induced inflammation in the gut and destroyed the gut barrier. After the mice were treated with 10¹⁰ CFU S. maltophilia for a week, the gut tissues were collected and their inflammatory indicators were detected. At the same time, the integrity of gut barrier was also detected. A Gut H&E sections of control and S. maltophilia gavage mice, S. maltophilia group showing neutrophil, lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration and altered crypt structure. B Intestinal p38/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway levels in mice in the untreated and oligotrophic Aeromonas gavage groups, with p-p65 and p-p38 significantly upregulated. C Changes in the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Claudin-3 in mouse gut tissues after S. maltophilia gavage. D Immunohistochemistry of colonic tight junction protein ZO-1 and Claudin-3 in control and S. maltophilia gavage mice. The data are presented as mean ± SD. One-way analysis of variance was performed for statistical analysis. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01 and ^***P < 0.001 indicate significance from each group. ns, no significance