Fig. 6

Pro-inflammatory cytokine release by teat explants in response to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A–F Time-course analysis of IL-8 and IL-6 release by ELISA. Explants were stimulated with heat-killed E. coli and S. aureus for 24 h and cytokine production was analysed at different intervals post stimulation (0–6 h, 6–18 h and 18–24 h). G–H Cytokine production analysed 24 h post-stimulation. Box-plots show data from 4 independent replicates (4 animals, 1 teat/animal), except for G and H (8 independent replicates (8 animals, 1 teat/animal)). Data were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis test coupled to Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. Asterisks indicate that values differ from control (^*P < 0.05 and ^**P < 0.01)