Dietary bile acid supplementation in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation improves colonic microbiota, metabolic activity, and epithelial function

Table 2 Effects of dietary bile acid (BA) supplementation on colonic barrier function and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations in weaned piglets with NBW and IUGR

Items	NBW		IUGR		SEM	P-values
Items	− BA	+ BA	− BA	+ BA	SEM	IUGR	BA	IUGR × BA
Plasma
D-lactate, μg/mL	1.29	1.17	1.61	1.11	0.06	0.26	< 0.01	0.11
DAO, IU/L	181.97	138.63	187.34	147.16	7.70	0.63	< 0.01	0.91
Endotoxin, pg/mL	308.22	289.77	362.97	253.37	16.80	0.78	0.06	0.17
Colon
D-lactate, μg/mL prot	0.34	0.31	0.51	0.37	0.03	0.08	0.14	0.34
DAO, IU/L prot	39.91	35.80	60.22	40.52	3.19	0.04	0.05	0.19
Endotoxin, pg/mL prot	308.22	289.77	362.97	253.37	8.08	0.53	0.08	0.05
Colon SCFA concentrations, mg/g
Acetate	4.20	3.65	4.07	4.07	0.13	0.58	0.30	0.29
Butyrate	1.39	0.89	1.42	0.98	0.06	0.56	< 0.01	0.83
Isobutyrate	0.18	0.19	0.17	0.16	0.01	0.11	0.75	0.40
Valerate	0.26	0.23	0.22	0.17	0.01	0.02	0.11	0.70
Isovalerate	0.30	0.32	0.26	0.26	0.01	0.05	0.67	0.72
Propionate	1.70	1.47	1.74	1.41	0.05	0.92	< 0.01	0.60
Total SCFA	8.02	6.76	7.87	7.04	0.21	0.88	0.01	0.60

Values are expressed as means with pooled SEM (n = 11 or 12). P < 0.05 represents significant difference. NBW Normal birth weight, IUGR Intrauterine growth retardation, − BA A basal diet without BA, + BA A basal diet supplemented with 400 g/t BA

ISSN: 2049-1891