Fig. 6

Chronic cold exposure induces colonic barrier injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in Yorkshire pigs. A Pathological sections and ultrastructure of the colon of Yorkshire pigs. The arrows show the infiltration of inflammatory cells. B The mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides in colon mucosa of Yorkshire pigs. n = 6. C The mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, inflammatory pathways, apoptosis and mitophagy related genes in colon mucosa of Yorkshire pigs. n = 6. D Protein expression in the colon mucosa of Yorkshire pigs. n = 4. E Correlation coefficients between mucus layer, inflammatory response, and epithelial barrier. Correlation coefficients > 0.5 or ≤ 0.5. Orange and blue colors denote positive and negative correlations, respectively. Color intensity is proportional to Spearman’s rank correlation values. n = 6. ^*P < 0.05. Other factors without significant changes are shown in Fig. S4