Chronic heat stress induces renal fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in laying hens

Table 1 Composition of the basal diet

Ingredients, %
Corn	67.23
Soybean meal	22.97
Vegetable oil	0.42
Calcium carbonate	7.86
Dibasic calcium phosphate hydrate	0.91
Sodium chloride	0.27
DL-Methionine	0.09
Vitamin mixture¹	0.10
Mineral mixture²	0.10
Selenium	0.05
Calculated value
Crude protein, %	15.50
Metabolizable energy, Mcal/kg	2.80
Non-phytate P, %	0.30
Calcium, %	3.30
Vitamin D, IU/kg	500.00

¹Vitamin mixture provided the following (per kilogram of diet): vitamin A (from retinyl acetate) 10,000 IU; cholecalciferol, 500 IU; vitamin E (from DL-α-tocopheryl acetate), 15 IU; vitamin K (menadione sodium bisulfate), 0.8 mg; riboflavin, 7 mg; D-calcium pantothenate, 5 mg; nicotinic acid, 25 mg; choline chloride, 400 mg; pyridoxine hydrochloride, 3 mg; folic acid, 1.5 mg; thiamine mononitrate, 1.5 mg; biotin, 0.2 mg; vitamin B₁₂ (cyanocobalamin), 10 μg
²Mineral mixture provided the following (per kilogram of diet): iron (FeSO₄⋅7H₂O), 80 mg; manganese (MnCO₃⋅nH₂O), 60 mg; zinc (ZnO), 40 mg; copper (CuSO₄⋅5H₂O), 8 mg; iodine (calcium iodate), 0.5 mg

ISSN: 2049-1891