Effects of high-grain diet feeding on fatty acid profiles in milk, blood, muscle, and adipose tissue, and transcriptional expression of lipid-related genes in muscle and adipose tissue of dairy cows

Table 7 Differentially expressed genes in muscle tissue due to high-grain diet feeding¹

Pathway	Gene symbol²	FDR	Log₂FC	Gene-ID
Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes pathway	CGA	< 0.001	1.438	12,373
	FABP4	< 0.001	–1.391	18,034
	PTGER3	< 0.001	–1.822	4070
	CIDEC	< 0.001	–1.066	27,073
Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	SCD5	< 0.001	–1.005	8601
Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids	ELOVL6	< 0.001	–1.001	7957
PPAR signalling pathway	APOA2	< 0.001	2.225	2917
	FABP4	< 0.001	–1.391	18,034
	ADIPOQ	< 0.001	–1.602	622
	SCD5	< 0.001	–1.005	8601

¹Results based on RNA sequencing, n = 6. The gene expressions were considered to be significantly altered when FC ≥ 2 and FDR < 0.05
²CGA Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain precursor, FABP4 Fatty acid-binding protein 4, PTGER3 Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype, CIDEC Cell death activator, SCD5 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5, ELOVL6 Elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 6, ADIPOQ Adiponectin, APOA2 Apolipoprotein A-2

ISSN: 2049-1891