Fig. 5

Carotene (vitamin A precursor) and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E precursor) were higher in pasture-finished bison, while ascorbate (vitamin C), panthotenate (vitamin B₅), pyrodixine (vitamin B₆), and gamma/beta-tocopherol were higher in pen-finished bison. Carotene and alpha-tocopherol are highly expressed in forage, while the higher levels of ascorbate, panthotenate, and pyrodixine in pen-finished bison are likely related to its presence in corn, alfalfa, and/or the vitamin/mineral supplement provided as part of the finishing diet. Dark green colors indicate compounds were higher in pasture-finished bison, while red colors indicate compounds were higher in pen-finished bison. Yellow numbers indicate a significant difference (P < 0.05)