Effects of inoculating feruloyl esterase-producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A1 on ensiling characteristics, in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbiota of alfalfa silage

Table 3 Fiber components and ferulic acid concentration of alfalfa silage during ensiling

Items¹	Ensiling days, d	Treatment (T)²			Mean	SEM³	P-value⁴
Items¹	Ensiling days, d	CON	Lp A1	Lp MTD/1	Mean	SEM³	T	D	T \(\times\) D
aNDF, g/kg DM	30	297^A	278^Bb	287^Bb	287^b	2.56	< 0.001	0.001	0.108
	60	300^A	287^Ba	302^Aa	296^a
	90	295^A	278^Bb	296^Aab	290^b
	Average	297^A	281^B	295^A
ADF, g/kg DM	30	227^Ab	216^Bb	222^Ab	222^b	1.57	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.105
	60	236^Aa	227^Ba	233^ABa	232^a
	90	227^Ab	214^Bb	228^Aab	223^b
	Average	230^A	219^B	228^A
ADL, g/kg DM	30	47.5^ABc	45.6^Bb	49.1^Ab	47.4^c	0.51	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.167
	60	52.4^Ba	49.0^Ca	53.9^Aa	51.8^a
	90	50.1^Ab	45.6^Bb	50.6^Ab	48.7^b
	Average	50.0^B	46.7^C	51.2^A
Hemicellulose, g/kg DM	30	70.1^A	62.0^Bab	64.4^AB	65.5	1.52	< 0.001	0.123	0.024
	60	63.8^AB	60.0^Bb	68.9^A	64.2
	90	68.1^AB	64.0^Ba	68.5^A	66.8
	Average	67.3^A	62.0^B	67.2^A
Cellulose, g/kg DM	30	180^Aab	170^Bb	173^Bb	174	1.17	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.005
	60	183^a	180^a	181^a	182
	90	176^Ab	168^Bb	177^Aab	174
	Average	180	173	177
Ferulic acid, mg/kg DM	30	4900^Ca	6285^Aa	5399^Ba	5528	61.9	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
	60	4404^Cb	5340^Ab	4821^Bb	4855
	90	4316^Bb	4836^Ac	4124^Bc	4425
	Average	4540	5487	4781

^A−CMeans within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05); ^a−cMeans within a column with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05)
¹DM = dry matter; aNDF = neutral detergent fiber, assayed with a heat-stable amylase and expressed inclusive of residual ash; ADF = acid detergent fiber; ADL = acid detergent lignin
²CON = control (no additives); Lp A1 = silage inoculated with L. plantarum A1; Lp MTD/1 = silage inoculated with L. plantarum MTD/1
³SEM = standard error of means
⁴ T = treatment; D = ensiling days; T \(\times\) D = the interaction between treatment and ensiling days

ISSN: 2049-1891