Effects of inoculating feruloyl esterase-producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum A1 on ensiling characteristics, in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbiota of alfalfa silage

Table 2 Fermentation characteristics of alfalfa silage during ensiling

Items¹	Ensiling days, d	Treatment (T)²			Mean	SEM³	P-value⁴
Items¹	Ensiling days, d	CON	Lp A1	Lp MTD/1	Mean	SEM³	T	D	T \(\times\) D
pH	30	5.22^Aa	4.81^Ba	4.86^B	4.96	0.027	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.008
	60	5.16^Aa	4.75^Bab	4.84^B	4.92
	90	4.96^Ab	4.70^Cb	4.80^B	4.82
	Average	5.11	4.76	4.83
Lactic acid, g/kg DM	30	60.5^Cc	86.7^Ab	76.8^B	74.7	1.77	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.005
	60	68.0^Cb	103^Aa	80.4^B	83.8
	90	71.3^Ca	96.0^Aab	79.6^B	82.3
	Average	66.6	95.3	78.9
Acetic acid, g/kg DM	30	27.1^A	25.4^AB	24.0^B	25.5	0.46	< 0.001	0.111	0.514
	60	27.2^A	25.9^AB	23.7^B	25.6
	90	27.0^A	24.2^B	23.3^B	24.8
	Average	27.1^A	25.2^B	23.7^C
Propionic acid, g/kg DM	30	9.71^Bb	9.47^Bc	11.3^Ac	10.2	0.49	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
	60	13.8^Ca	19.9^Aa	16.8^Bb	16.8
	90	14.9^Ba	16.1^Bb	19.4^Aa	16.8
	Average	12.8	15.2	15.8
DM loss, g/kg DM	30	75.9^A	52.7^B	49.2^Bc	59.3^b	2.36	< 0.001	0.001	0.052
	60	79.7^A	57.4^B	57.6^Bb	64.9^ab
	90	77.3^A	58.4^B	65.4^Ba	67.0^a
	Average	77.7^A	56.2^B	57.4^B

^A−CMeans within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05); ^a−cMeans within a column with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05)
¹DM = dry matter
²CON = control (no additives); Lp A1 = silage inoculated with L. plantarum A1; Lp MTD/1 = silage inoculated with L. plantarum MTD/1
³SEM = standard error of means
⁴ T = treatment; D = ensiling days; T \(\times\) D = the interaction between treatment and ensiling days

ISSN: 2049-1891