Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring

Luise, Diana; Correa, Federico; Stefanelli, Claudio; Simongiovanni, Aude; Chalvon-Demersay, Tristan; Zini, Maddalena; Fusco, Luciano; Bosi, Paolo; Trevisi, Paolo

doi:10.1186/s40104-022-00819-8

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Table 4 The effect of BCAA and Arg supplementation on the sow lactating diet regarding the proximal composition and concentration of immunoglobulins and polyamines in colostrum and milk of sows

From: Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring

Item	Diet^a				SEM	P-value
Item	CO	Arg	BCAA	BCAA + Arg	SEM	BCAA	Arg	BCAA × Arg
Colostrum
Proximal analysis
Sows (n)	8	8	8	8
Proteins, g/100 mL	19.8	21.2	21.4	20	0.95	0.245	0.282	0.144
SCC, N × 1000/mL	522	418	625	883	176	0.668	0.664	0.312
Fat, %	4.18	4.47	5.69	4.08	0.50	0.036	0.682	0.068
Lactose, %^b	3.60^A	3.40^A	3.19^B	3.57^A	0.12	0.015	0.216	0.018
Caseins, %	4.58	4.77	5.28	4.75	0.23	0.037	0.547	0.128
Urea, mg/100 mL	46.5	47	48.6	43.1	2.74	0.602	0.900	0.279
Dry matter, mg/100 mL	15.20^A	15.80^A	17.40^B	15.30^A	0.6	0.014	0.489	0.036
Immunological and physiological parameters
Sows (n)	8	8	8	8
IgA, mg/mL^c	5.66	7.78	9.1	3.94	1.69	0.062	0.207	0.007
IgG, mg/mL^d	31.5	35.3	44.8	26.4	8.33	0.060	0.565	0.033
IgM, mg/mL^e	0.85	1.49	1.21	1.28	0.27	0.268	0.075	0.257
IGF-1, μg/mL	63.5	108	56.5	51.2	17.78	0.790	0.082	0.170
Biogenic amines
Sows (n)	8	8	8	8
Putrescine, nmol/mL	0.83	0.70	0.78	0.66	0.28	0.733	0.901	0.994
Spermidine, nmol/mL	11.0	10.8	11.4	10.2	1.12	0.795	0.898	0.659
Spermine, nmol/mL	4.81	5.51	10.81	4.40	3.09	0.158	0.866	0.247
Milk d 10
Proximal analysis
Sows (n)	7	6	8	6
Proteins, g/100 mL	7.25	7.3	6.94	7.81	0.42	0.571	0.938	0.340
SCC, N × 1000/mL	590	1242	153	42	453	0.498	0.287	0.414
Fat, %	10.11	8.64	8.86	9.04	1.38	0.529	0.434	0.554
Lactose, %	5.4	5.22	5.76	5.75	0.22	0.275	0.553	0.708
Caseins, %	3.36	3.13	3.02	3.04	0.2	0.252	0.409	0.532
Urea, mg/100 mL	42.8	41.8	44.2	47.2	3.06	0.743	0.814	0.527
Dry matter, mg/100 mL	21.8	19.8	20.3	20.5	1.63	0.518	0.368	0.493
Immunological and physiological parameters
Sows (n)	8	8	7	7
IgA, mg/mL^f	2.18	2.57	2.47	4.34	1.20	0.795	0.736	0.148
IgG, mg/mL	0.25	0.21	0.26	0.23	0.03	0.776	0.358	0.875
IgM, mg/mL^g	0.37^A	0.31^A	0.49^A	1.06^B	0.17	0.593	0.769	0.062
IGF-1, μg/mL	50.3	33.8	21.4	38	16.73	0.183	0.498	0.325
Biogenic amines
Sows (n)	8	8	7	7
Putrescine, nmol/mL	2.28	1.64	1.66	3.79	0.94	0.600	0.616	0.139
Spermidine, nmol/mL^h	32.3	28.9	34.6	44.8	6.50	0.794	0.719	0.315
Spermine, nmol/mL	6.57	6.07	6.16	17.39	4.44	0.946	0.940	0.221
Milk d 20
Proximal analysis
Sows (n)	6	8	6	7
Proteins, g/100 mL	6.77	7.67	7.14	6.87	0.43	0.527	0.132	0.176
SCC, N × 1000/mL	18,530	392	899	1031	6486	0.099	0.066	0.180
Fat, %	8.38	9.05	7.71	7.91	0.68	0.559	0.498	0.734
Lactose, %	5.43	5.96	5.68	5.83	0.17	0.380	0.046	0.292
Caseins, %	3.21	3.13	2.94	2.72	0.24	0.476	0.826	0.737
Urea, mg/100 mL	36.9	42.7	45	47.3	3.25	0.140	0.221	0.599
Dry matter, mg/100 mL	20.2	20.9	19.1	19.1	0.74	0.348	0.561	0.719
Immunological and physiological parameters
Sows (n)	8	8	8	7
IgA, mg/mLⁱ	0.88^A	3.04^A	6.06^B	3.65^A	1.53	0.004	0.241	0.059
IgG, mg/mL	0.31	0.2	0.27	0.43	0.07	0.687	0.287	0.069
IgM, mg/mL	0.29	0.24	0.26	0.33	0.05	0.630	0.449	0.256
IGF-1, μg/mL	53.8	74.3	14.1	31	24.78	0.241	0.517	0.938
Biogenic amines
Sows (n)	8	8	8	8
Putrescine, nmol/mL	1.43	1.26	1.27	2.06	0.51	0.828	0.823	0.365
Spermidine, nmol/mL	25.5	24.9	27.1	30.2	2.50	0.640	0.871	0.456
Spermine, nmol/mL	5.94	3.50	4.20	6.59	1.40	0.386	0.227	0.099

^aDiet: CO = group fed a standard lactating sows’ diet; Arg = group was fed the standard lactating sows’ diet plus 22.5 g/d/sow of L-Arg; BCAA = group was fed the standard lactating sows’ diet plus L-Val, L -ILE and L -Leu at 9, 4.5 and 9 g/d/sow; BCAA + Arg = group was fed the standard lactating sows’ diet plus L -Val, L-Ile, L -Leu and L -Arg at 9, 4.5, 9 and 22.5 g/d/sow
^bLactose, colostrum: Parity class, P = 0.018; batch, P = 0.001
^cIgA, mg/mL: BCAA and Arg groups vs. BCAA + Arg group, P = 0.020
^dIgG, mg/mL: BCAA and Arg groups vs. BCAA + Arg group, P = 0.10; parity class had a significant effect P = 0.001
^eIgM, mg/mL: Parity class had a significant effect: P = 0.04; N. piglets post fostering had a significant effect: P = 0.03
^fIgA, mg/mL, milk d 10: Parity class had a significant effect P = 0.04
^gIgM, mg/mL, milk d 10: BCAA and Arg groups vs. BCAA + Arg group, P = 0.014)
^hSpermidine, %, milk d 10: Parity class, P = 0.038
ⁱIgA, mg/mL, milk d 20: BCAA and Arg groups vs. BCAA + Arg group, P = 0.07; BCAA vs. Arg group P = 0.07
^A,BDifferent superscripts indicate significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups

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ISSN: 2049-1891

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