Productive and physiological implications of top-dress addition of branched-chain amino acids and arginine on lactating sows and offspring

Table 3 The effect of BCAA and Arg supplementation on the sow lactating diet regarding the concentration of immunoglobulins and hormones in the blood of sows

Item	Diet^a				SEM	P-value
Item	CO	Arg	BCAA	BCAA + Arg	SEM	BCAA	Arg	BCAA × Arg
Day −4
Sows (n)	8	8	7	7
IgA, mg/mL	1.9	2.29	2.34	1.69	0.74	0.643	0.702	0.449
IgG, mg/mL	12.1	16.5	17.4	22.3	4.58	0.351	0.498	0.956
IgM, mg/mL	4.23	4.77	4.51	4.01	0.52	0.690	0.458	0.297
Prolactin, ng/mL	6.58	6.62	8.9	8.21	1.66	0.291	0.985	0.796
Insulin, mU/L	21.4	26.2	27.7	47.3	12.05	0.706	0.766	0.499
Glucose, mmol/L	3.92	3.74	4.35	4.77	0.44	0.500	0.780	0.500
Urea, mmol/L	3.9	3.52	4.46	3.56	0.35	0.270	0.460	0.470
Day 10
Sows (n)	8	8	7	8
IgA, mg/mL	0.96	2.22	2.13	1.68	0.68	0.239	0.28	0.224
IgG, mg/mL	22.9	16.5	27.7	19.5	6.06	0.541	0.452	0.870
IgM, mg/mL^b	2.12	2.62	2.31	2.23	0.2	0.490	0.054	0.160
Prolactin, ng/mL	14.1	10.2	12.2	12	1.91	0.489	0.147	0.337
Insulin, mU/L^c	17.8	33.4	29.6	42.5	7.77	0.220	0.152	0.849
Glucose, mmol/L	3.21	4.41	4.27	4.64	0.36	0.040	0.020	0.260
Urea, mmol/L	4.48	5.03	5.11	5.63	0.41	0.270	0.340	0.970
Day 27
Sows (n)	8	8	7	7
IgA, mg/mL	3.1	2.08	2.47	1.63	0.87	0.582	0.390	0.911
IgG, mg/mL	13.3	14.1	11.6	13.5	2.09	0.525	0.770	0.758
IgM, mg/mL	1.98	2.52	2.4	2.12	0.31	0.335	0.230	0.179
Prolactin, ng/mL^d	3.74^A	10.98^B	10.87^B	23.82^B	2.61	0.035	0.048	0.287
Insulin, mU/L	55.7	63.3	73.1	58.8	105.5	0.666	0.841	0.688
Glucose, mmol/L	3.43	4.39	4.32	4.64	0.43	0.150	0.130	0.450
Urea, mmol/L	4.19	4.41	4.53	4.40	0.48	0.630	0.750	0.720

^aDiet: CO = group fed a standard lactating sows’ diet; Arg = group was fed the standard lactating sows’ diet plus 22.5 g/d/sow of L-Arg; BCAA = group was fed the standard lactating sows’ diet plus L-Val, L-ILE and L-Leu at 9, 4.5 and 9 g/d/sow; BCAA + Arg = group was fed the standard lactating sows’ diet plus L-Val, L-Ile, L-Leu and L-Arg at 9, 4.5, 9 and 22.5 g/d/sow
^bIgM, mg/mL: Orthogonal contrast were not significant
^cInsulin, mU/L: Orthogonal contrast were not significant
^dProlactin, ng/mL: BCAA and Arg groups vs. BCAA + Arg group, P = 0.034; CO vs. BCAA, Arg and BCAA + Arg groups, P = 0.021. Only for prolactin serum III there was a significant effect or a trend of some covariates: Initial BW: P = 0.042; parity class: P = 0.080; litter size at birth: P = 0.026
^A,BDifferent superscripts indicate significant difference (P < 0.05) between groups

ISSN: 2049-1891