A meta-analysis on the effects of probiotics on the performance of pre-weaning dairy calves

Table 5 The summary of the meta-analysis on the effects of probiotics on the faecal quality and intestinal flora of pre-weaning calves

		SMD			Heterogeneity			RMD				Egger’s test	Begg’s test
	n	Random effect	95% CI	P-value	Chi-squared (Q)	P-value	I², %	Control mean	Random effect	95% CI	P-value	P-value	P-value
Faecal score	25	−0.383	−0.690, −0.076	0.015	111.050	< 0.001	78.4	1.455	−0.052	−0.124, 0.020	0.160	< 0.001	< 0.001
Faecal bacteria count, log₁₀ CFU/g	12	0.361	0.130, 0.593	0.002	17.430	0.096	36.9	11.532	0.680	0.227, 1.133	0.003	0.051	0.304
coliform, log₁₀ CFU/g	16	0.089	−0.117, 0.295	0.399	25.750	0.041	41.7	6.838	0.164	−0.125, 0.452	0.267	0.727	0.444
Lactobacilli, log₁₀ CFU/g	23	0.180	−0.025, 0.384	0.085	45.300	0.002	51.4	6.212	0.161	−0.018, 0.340	0.077	< 0.001	0.006
Streptococcus, log₁₀ CFU/g	6	−0.058	−0.264, 0.149	0.583	1.180	0.947	0	11.707	−0.130	−0.372, 0.112	0.292	0.256	0.024

ISSN: 2049-1891