A meta-analysis on the effects of probiotics on the performance of pre-weaning dairy calves

Table 1 The summary of the meta-analysis on the effects of probiotics on the growth performance of pre-weaning calves

		SMD			Heterogeneity			RMD				Egger’s test	Begg’s test
	n	Random effect	95% CI	P-value	Chi-squared (Q)	P-value	I², %	Control mean	Random effect	95% CI	P-value	P-value	P-value
Withers height, cm	26	0.128	−0.169, 0.425	0.397	106.650	< 0.001	76.6	82.433	0.507	−0.538, 1.553	0.342	0.005	0.038
Heart girth, cm	25	0.095	−0.149, 0.339	0.447	63.110	< 0.001	62.0	92.334	0.270	−0.454, 0.994	0.464	0.005	0.072
Hip width, cm	7	0.244	−0.093, 0.581	0.156	9.860	0.131	39.2	20.950	0.377	−0.132, 0.885	0.146	0.049	0.133
Hip height, cm	14	−0.067	−0.486, 0.353	0.756	52.150	< 0.001	75.1	87.649	0.148	−0.956, 1.251	0.793	0.274	0.584
Body length, cm	11	−0.401	−0.821, 0.020	0.062	31.200	0.001	67.9	86.987	−1.149	−2.274, −0.024	0.045	0.078	0.350
BW, kg	62	0.315	0.188, 0.441	< 0.001	103.770	0.001	41.2	73.498	1.988	1.173, 2.803	< 0.001	0.090	< 0.001
ADG, g/d	79	0.374	0.275, 0.473	< 0.001	127.960	< 0.001	39.0	505.731	40.689	30.881, 50.496	< 0.001	0.052	0.002

ISSN: 2049-1891