Effects of omega-3 supplementation on components of the endocannabinoid system and metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose and liver of peripartum dairy cows

Table 2 eCB concentrations in plasma, liver and AT samples of PP dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed

Items	Treatment^a		SEM	P-value
	CTL	FLX
Plasma
2-AG^b, fmol/mL	10.5	9.1	2.13	0.65
AA^c, pmol/mL	581.2	324.3	61.18	0.02
AEA^d, fmol/mL	232.2	116.8	31.82	0.03
PEA^e, fmol/mL	0.4	0.0	0.31	0.33
OEA^f, fmol/mL	34.1	34.3	9.66	0.99
Adipose
2-AG^b, fmol/mg	97.0	69.6	25.90	0.48
AA^c, pmol/mg	1.3	1.0	0.16	0.24
AEA^d, fmol/mg	0.7	0.7	0.17	0.97
PEA^e, fmol/mg	16.1	6.2	2.53	0.02
OEA^f, fmol/mg	125.2	100.2	15.90	0.30
Liver
2-AG^b, fmol/mg	287.6	497.8	72.03	0.07
AA^c, pmol/mg	6.9	8.2	1.65	0.59
AEA^d, fmol/mg	0.7	0.9	0.40	0.73
PEA^e, fmol/mg	13.9	10.6	8.17	0.78
OEA^f, fmol/mg	44.2	15.9	15.16	0.22

^aDairy cows were divided into two nutritional regiment groups from −21 to 60 days PP; 1) Control group (CTL)—a standard Israeli diet, 2) FLX—a standard diet supplemented with flaxseed oil containing n-3. ^b2-Arachidonoylglycerol; ^cArachidonic acid; ^dAnandamide; ^eN-palmitoylethanolamine; ^f N-Oleoylethanolamine. Liver samples were taken from 5 cows per treatment at 10.2 ± 1.0 DIM while AT samples were obtained from 6 cows from each treatment at 7.7 ± 1.9 DIM

ISSN: 2049-1891