Characterization and mitigation option of greenhouse gas emissions from lactating Holstein dairy cows in East China

Table 1 Ingredient and chemical composition of the basal diet fed to lactating Holstein dairy cows

Items	Content, % of DM
Ingredient composition^a
Corn silage	21.10
Alfalfa hay	14.75
Oatgrass hay	3.46
Dandelion hay	0.69
Steam-flaked corn	14.77
Soybean meal	14.25
Corn flour	11.80
Beet pulp	5.11
Whole cottonseed	4.39
Rapeseed meal	2.56
Extruded soybean	1.64
Mineral-vitamin premix^b	5.48
Calculated chemical composition
OM	97.80
CP	16.78
EE	5.48
NDF	32.75
ADF	22.09
Ca	0.82
P	0.46
NE_L, MJ/kg	7.46

^aDM dry matter, OM organic matter, CP crude protein, EE ether extract, NDF neutral detergent fiber, ADF acid detergent fiber, Ca calcium, P phosphorus, NE_L net energy values were estimated based on NRC (2001)
^b The premix contained 140 g/kg of Mg, 122 g/kg of Ca, 93 g/kg of Na, 50 g/kg of K, 48 g/kg of Fe, 24 g/kg of P, 2 g/kg of S, 999 mg/kg of Zn, 580 mg/kg of Mn, 360 mg/kg of Cu, 180,070 IU of VA, 30,000 IU of VD and 601 IU of VE

ISSN: 2049-1891