Dietary Coleus amboinicus Lour. decreases ruminal methanogenesis and biohydrogenation, and improves meat quality and fatty acid composition in longissimus thoracis muscle of lambs

Table 10 Impact of CAL on performance, methane emission, and ruminal fermentation of lambs (Exp. 3)

Parameters	CON	CAL	SEM	P-value
Body weigth, kg
Inital BW	19.3	19.7	0.66	0.70
Final BW	25.1	26.8	0.53	0.13
ADG, g/d	167	196	9.45	0.14
Total tract digestibility, g/kg
Dry matter	630	649	8.27	0.26
Organic matter	607	604	6.80	0.82
Crude protein	604	601	7.71	0.85
Neutral detergent fiber	577	578	13.3	0.97
Methane emission
CH₄, L/d	20.0	15.9	0.11	< 0.01
CO₂, L/d	307	274	2.24	< 0.01
CH₄/CO₂, mL/L	63.6	54.4	0.26	< 0.01
CH₄, L/kg DM intake	29.9	21.1	1.44	< 0.01
CH₄, L/kg OM intake	32.4	23.3	1.49	< 0.01
CH₄, L/kg BW	1.02	0.82	0.05	0.02
Rumen fermentation
pH	6.22	6.35	0.04	0.05
NH₃, mmol/L	9.92	15.5	0.64	0.09
Total VFA, mmol/L	112	118	3.70	0.48
VFA, molar percent
Acetate (A)	69.9	68.1	0.51	0.07
Propionate (P)	17.7	19.8	0.46	0.01
Isobutyrate	0.95	0.79	0.05	0.08
Butyrate	9.92	10.2	0.30	0.70
Isovalerate	0.47	0.23	0.05	< 0.01
Valerate	1.06	0.86	0.05	0.04
A/P ratio	3.96	3.46	0.11	0.01

CON control diet, CAL Coleus amboinicus Lour. diet, SEM standard error of means, DM dry matter, OM organic matter, BW body weight, ADG average daily gain, VFA volatile fatty acids
Means in the same row indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 and tended to significant at P < 0.10

ISSN: 2049-1891