| Effect | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Day 9 | Day 12 | ||
Nutrient | CO | P4 | CO | P4 |
Amino Acid | ||||
 Alanine | 5 ± 1.5a | 7.2 ± 1.9a | 8.6 ± 2.2a | 17.8 ± 1.4b |
 β-Alanine | 0.2 ± 0.04 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.2 |
 Arginine | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 4.1 ± 1.8 | 7.2 ± 2.2 | 8.3 ± 3.8 |
 Asparagine | 1.5 ± 0.5a | 1.8 ± 0.6ab | 4.2 ± 1ab | 5.2 ± 0.6b |
 Aspartate | 2.2 ± 0.5ab | 1.6 ± 0.3a | 4.1 ± 0.8b | 4.2 ± 0.5ab |
 Citrulline | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 3.4 ± 1.6 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 1.2 |
 Glutamate | 17.5 ± 3.6ab | 8.8 ± 1.3a | 23.8 ± 3.5b | 29.1 ± 3.5b |
 Glutamine | 3.1 ± 1 | 3.7 ± 1.5 | 11.5 ± 2.7 | 12.1 ± 2.3 |
 Glycine | 65.6 ± 21.4 | 81.5 ± 16.4 | 76.6 ± 14.8 | 59 ± 4.8 |
 Histidine | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 0.9 |
 Isoleucine | 2 ± 1.8ab | 1.5 ± 0.2a | 1.5 ± 0.2a | 3.1 ± 0.4b |
 Leucine | 6 ± 1.8 | 3.7 ± 1.1 | 6.6 ± 1.2 | 9.1 ± 1.2 |
 Lysine | 6 ± 2 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 5.2 ± 1.5 | 10.9 ± 2.7 |
 Methionine | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 2 ± 0.6 | 3.4 ± 1 |
 Ornithine | 0.2 ± 0.06a | 0.4 ± 0.1ab | 0.5 ± 0.1ab | 0.9 ± 0.2b |
 Phenylalanine | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 1 |
 Serine | 12 ± 3.6a | 41.1 ± 12.2b | 41.4 ± 10.1b | 52.9 ± 13.1b |
 Taurine | 20 ± 8.3 | 18.3 ± 4.4 | 23 ± 5.7 | 25.5 ± 0.7 |
 Threonine | 3.4 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 13.4 ± 3.8 | 12.4 ± 3.9 |
 Tryptophan | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.7 |
 Tyrosine | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 2.9 ± 1.3 |
 Valine | 10 ± 3.4 | 5.6 ± 1.4 | 6.1 ± 1.1 | 5.8 ± 0.6 |
Agmatine and polyamines | ||||
 Agmatine | 0.1 ± 0.04 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.0001 |
 Putrescine | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.03 |
 Spermidine | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.03 |
 Spermine | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 2 ± 1.2 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.8 |