Changes in the gut microbiota mediate the differential regulatory effects of two glucose oxidases produced by Aspergillus niger and Penicillium amagasakiense on the meat quality and growth performance of broilers

Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels in the basal diet (air-dry basis)

Ingredients, %	1 to 3 weeks	4 to 6 weeks	Nutrient Levels, %²	1 to 3 weeks	4 to 6 weeks
Corn	56.00	53.50	ME, MJ/kg	12.14	12.77
Soybean meal (contains about 43% crude protein)	26.60	22.00	Crude protein (CP)	21.25	19.30
Flour	6.00	8.00	Calcium (Ca)	0.90	1.16
Corn gluten meal	4.20	1.70	Total phosphorus (TP)	0.65	0.62
DDGS-28	3.00	5.00	Available phosphorus (AP)	0.43	0.35
CaHPO₄	1.65	0.28	Ether extract (EE)	2.61	6.39
CaCO₃	1.08	1.01	sodium chloride (NaCl)	0.26	0.29
L-Lysine H₂SO₄	0.33	0.24	Lysine	1.24	1.08
Premix¹	0.45	0.45	Methionine	0.52	0.50
Salt	0.20	0.20	Methionine and cystine	0.86	0.79
DL-Methionine	0.19	0.21	Threonine	0.87	0.70
L-Threonine	0.10	0.11
NaHCO₃	0.10	0.10
Choline chloride	0.08	0.08
Phytase	0.02	0.02
Mixed oil	–	2.60
Meat and bone meal	–	2.00
Instant noodle	–	2.00
Feather meal	–	0.50
Total	100.00	100.00

¹The premix provided the following nutrients per kg diet: vitamin A, 11,600 IU; vitamin D₃, 3,360 IU; vitamin K₃, 4.02 mg; vitamin B₁, 2.2 mg; vitamin B₂, 7.3 mg; vitamin B₆, 4.9 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.014 mg; Cu, 8.4 mg; Zn, 49.5 mg; Fe, 54.0 mg; Mn, 150.0 mg
²The contents of CP, Ca, TP and EE were measured by the feed proximity analysis method, and the contents of other nutrients were calculated

ISSN: 2049-1891