Table 7 Effects of dietary fiber levels during gestation on serum concentrations of cytokines in sows
From: Inclusion of purified dietary fiber during gestation improved the reproductive performance of sows
Item | CON | DF1 | DF2 | DF3 | DF4 | DF5 | SEM | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stage | Diets | S × D | Diets | Linear | Quadratic | ||||||||
Sows | |||||||||||||
 IL-6, ng/L |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.99 | – | – | – |
 D 30 of gestation | 125.9 | 105.7 | 119.4 | 116.8 | 105.7 | 111.3 | 7.3 | – | – | – | 0.95 | 0.81 | 0.61 |
 D 110 of gestation | 136.8 | 102.4 | 145.8 | 124.1 | 120.5 | 114.8 | 10.4 | – | – | – | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.88 |
 At farrowing | 117.6 | 73.1 | 107.4 | 89.7 | 107.1 | 92.7 | 9.3 | – | – | – | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.88 |
 IL-10, ng/L |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.031 | 0.83 | 0.93 | – | – | – |
 D 30 of gestation | 152.7b | 171.7ab | 197.7ab | 197.6ab | 209.8ab | 248.1a | 8.3 | – | – | – | 0.041 | < 0.01 | 0.13 |
 D 110 of gestation | 230.2 | 228.6 | 219.9 | 247.4 | 254.3 | 223.1 | 14.9 | – | – | – | 0.98 | 0.85 | 0.54 |
 At farrowing | 173.6 | 166.9 | 192.4 | 160.9 | 192.1 | 172.3 | 21.8 | – | – | – | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.87 |
 TNF-α, ng/L |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.01 | 0.72 | 0.65 | – | – | – |
 D 30 of gestation | 28.8a | 28.4a | 26.8ab | 23.9ab | 22.5ab | 20.4b | 0.8 | – | – | – | 0.042 | < 0.01 | 0.064 |
 D 110 of gestation | 22.1 | 20.0 | 19.3 | 21.6 | 23.3 | 18.9 | 1.2 | – | – | – | 0.87 | 0.51 | 0.61 |
 At farrowing | 20.5 | 21.3 | 20.6 | 19.9 | 19.4 | 20.7 | 1.2 | – | – | – | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.72 |
 IFN-γ, ng/L |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.01 | 0.070 | 0.99 | – | – | – |
 D 30 of gestation | 147.0 | 119.4 | 137.3 | 111.5 | 120.2 | 107.3 | 8.4 | – | – | – | 0.73 | 0.37 | 0.41 |
 D 110 of gestation | 133.6 | 108.4 | 147.0 | 101.3 | 123.8 | 120.5 | 9.8 | – | – | – | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.68 |
 At farrowing | 103.7 | 66.1 | 84.8 | 64.9 | 74.8 | 67.4 | 4.8 | – | – | – | 0.22 | 0.045 | 0.017 |
Piglets | |||||||||||||
  At birth | |||||||||||||
  IL-6, ng/L | 165.2 | 126.1 | 151.2 | 130.6 | 149.6 | 156.4 | 4.5 | – | – | – | 0.20 | 0.34 | 0.13 |
  IL-10, ng/L | 52.6 | 53.9 | 52.7 | 54.4 | 53.5 | 55.6 | 0.9 | – | – | – | 0.95 | 0.79 | 0.48 |
  TNF-α, ng/L | 38.3a | 36.6ab | 37.5bc | 35.1ab | 34.1ab | 33.9b | 0.4 | – | – | – | 0.033 | < 0.01 | 0.023 |
  IFN-γ, ng/L | 106.9 | 95.5 | 94.8 | 100.6 | 103.5 | 96.9 | 1.9 | – | – | – | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.84 |
 At weaning | |||||||||||||
  IL-6, ng/L | 171.4 | 167.7 | 152.2 | 161.6 | 179.8 | 154.8 | 10.3 | – | – | – | 0.97 | 0.66 | 0.81 |
  IL-10, ng/L | 54.3 | 93.5 | 72.6 | 102.5 | 91.3 | 80.0 | 8.6 | – | – | – | 0.70 | 0.88 | 0.23 |
  TNF-α, ng/L | 49.4 | 58.7 | 55.9 | 49.3 | 58.4 | 51.1 | 2.9 | – | – | – | 0.87 | 0.71 | 0.58 |
  IFN-γ, ng/L | 120.5 | 126.3 | 127.8 | 131.2 | 148.2 | 110.9 | 5.8 | – | – | – | 0.65 | 0.35 | 0.12 |