High rumen degradable starch decreased goat milk fat via trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid-mediated downregulation of lipogenesis genes, particularly, INSIG1

Table 4 Concentration of major fatty acids in rumen fluid of dairy goats fed different RDS diets

FA, g/100 g of total FA	Treatment^d			SEM^e	P-value
FA, g/100 g of total FA	LRDS	MRDS	HRDS	SEM^e	P-value
C4:0	1.35	1.69	1.22	0.10	0.110
C6:0	0.24	0.28	0.16	0.25	0.146
C8:0	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.186
C10:0	0.12	0.12	0.11	0.01	0.909
C11:0	0.29^a	0.25^ab	0.21^b	0.01	0.039
C12:0	0.83	1.04	0.86	0.04	0.113
C13:0	0.45	0.40	0.59	0.07	0.530
C14:0	3.37	3.18	3.38	0.20	0.906
cis-9 C14:1	3.17	3.94	3.77	0.20	0.291
C15:0	2.46	2.27	2.13	0.08	0.288
cis-10 C15:1	0.20	0.20	0.25	0.01	0.288
C16:0	32.43	32.45	32.83	0.23	0.761
cis-9 C16:1	1.14	1.31	1.33	0.04	0.113
C17:0	1.29^b	1.54^a	1.56^a	0.05	0.018
cis-10 C17:1	0.21^b	0.21^b	0.26^a	0.01	0.039
C18:0	16.64	17.01	15.69	0.64	0.715
trans-9 C18:1	0.28	0.31	0.31	0.01	0.695
cis-9 C18:1	12.64^a	11.57^ab	11.00^b	0.27	0.033
trans-10 C18:1	0.19^b	0.21^b	0.43^a	0.04	0.040
trans-11 C18:1	1.25	1.17	1.13	0.04	0.412
cis-9,12 C18:2	16.2^b	18.1^a	19.4^a	0.02	0.025
trans-9,12 C18:2	0.28	0.16	0.22	0.09	0.041
cis-9, trans-11 CLA	0.17^b	1.42^a	1.13^ab	0.02	0.076
trans-10, cis-12 CLA	0.11^b	0.23^b	0.65^a	0.09	0.041
C18:3n-3	0.12	0.10	0.07	0.01	0.163
C18:3n-6	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.01	0.689
SFAs^f	63.74	64.49	63.82	0.82	0.768
MUFAs^g	17.99^a	18.17^a	16.66^b	0.65	0.015
PUFAs^h	17.27^c	19.22^b	20.64^a	0.19	0.001

^a-c Means within the same row with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05)
^dTreatments were the LRDS diet (RDS = 20.52%), MRDS diet (RDS = 22.15%), and HRDS diet (RDS = 24.88%) with similar total starch contents
^eSEM = Standard Error of Mean
^fSFAs = saturated fatty acids
^gMUFAs = monounsaturated fatty acids
^hPUFAs = polyunsaturated fatty acids

ISSN: 2049-1891