Fig. 3

Network analysis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) among 4 upregulated (a: HMGB1, HOXA13, SREBF2, MECOM) and 3 downregulated (b: NCOA2, CSHL1, HDAC5) transcription factors and differentially expressed genes due to onset of ketosis postpartum. Both groups of cows were fed a diet containing 1.54 Mcal/kg of dry matter and 15.0% crude protein from − 21 days prepartum to calving, and a common lactation diet containing 1.75 Mcal/kg of dry matter and 17.5% crude protein