Influence of the concentration of dietary digestible calcium on growth performance, bone mineralization, plasma calcium, and abundance of genes involved in intestinal absorption of calcium in pigs from 11 to 22 kg fed diets with different concentrations of digestible phosphorus

Lagos, L. Vanessa; Lee, Su A.; Fondevila, Guillermo; Walk, Carrie L.; Murphy, Michael R.; Loor, Juan J.; Stein, Hans H.

doi:10.1186/s40104-019-0349-2

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Table 2 Ingredient composition and analyzed composition of experimental diets containing 0.16% and 0.33% standardized total tract digestible (STTD) P, as-fed basis^a

From: Influence of the concentration of dietary digestible calcium on growth performance, bone mineralization, plasma calcium, and abundance of genes involved in intestinal absorption of calcium in pigs from 11 to 22 kg fed diets with different concentrations of digestible phosphorus

Ingredient, %	0.16% STTD P					0.33% STTD P
Total P, %:	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.35	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.53
Total Ca, %:	0.21	0.45	0.70	0.95	1.19	0.21	0.45	0.70	0.95	1.19
STTD Ca, %:	0.14	0.29	0.44	0.59	0.74	0.14	0.29	0.44	0.59	0.74
Corn	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00	46.00
Soybean meal	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50	32.50
Cornstarch	8.85	7.05	5.11	3.26	1.43	8.39	6.59	4.71	2.81	0.97
Lactose	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
Choice white grease	–	1.17	2.45	3.65	4.85	0.30	1.47	2.70	3.95	5.15
Calcium carbonate	0.16	0.79	1.45	2.10	2.73	0.16	0.79	1.44	2.10	2.73
Monocalcium phosphate	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
Monosodium phosphate	–	–	–	–	–	0.75	0.75	0.75	0.74	0.75
Sodium bicarbonate	1.15	1.15	1.15	1.15	1.15	0.56	0.56	0.56	0.56	0.56
L-Lys HCl	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37	0.37
DL-Met	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14
Thr	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12
Val	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Sodium chloride	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Vitamin mineral premix^b	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Analyzed composition
GE, kcal/kg	3910	3846	3842	3966	3984	3846	3869	3926	3954	3991
DM, %	87.04	87.48	87.70	87.88	88.04	87.92	88.08	88.06	87.24	87.63
CP, %	18.80	19.00	19.23	18.93	19.50	19.42	19.15	18.47	19.17	18.86
Ash, %	3.95	5.03	5.22	6.84	6.73	4.20	4.64	5.55	6.57	6.75
AEE^c, %	2.67	3.33	5.18	5.94	7.46	3.03	3.60	5.27	6.31	7.56
ADF, %	3.67	4.22	2.84	4.87	3.43	3.25	3.40	3.21	3.23	3.59
NDF, %	6.80	7.26	6.52	7.73	7.00	6.12	6.20	6.41	6.59	6.40
Ca, %	0.26	0.46	0.74	0.93	1.27	0.21	0.46	0.72	1.02	1.24
P, %	0.36	0.36	0.36	0.37	0.37	0.54	0.60	0.58	0.56	0.59
Phytate^d, %	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49	0.49
Phytate-bound P^e, %	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.14
Non-phytate P^f, %	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.23	0.23	0.40	0.46	0.44	0.42	0.45
Na, %	0.46	0.47	0.47	0.49	0.47	0.42	0.50	0.47	0.46	0.47
Cl, %	0.28	0.33	0.32	0.32	0.34	0.33	0.31	0.32	0.33	0.33
K, %	0.92	0.91	0.89	0.92	0.95	0.93	0.93	0.92	0.90	0.90
DCAD^g, mEq/kg	357	348	342	357	349	327	367	349	339	344
Total Ca: total P	0.60:1	1.29:1	2.00:1	2.71:1	3.40:1	0.40:1	0.85:1	1.32:1	1.79:1	2.25:1
Total Ca: STTD P	1.31:1	2.81:1	4.38:1	5.94:1	7.44:1	0.64:1	1.36:1	2.12:1	2.88:1	3.61:1
STTD Ca: STTD P	0.88:1	1.81:1	2.75:1	3.69:1	4.63:1	0.42:1	0.88:1	1.33:1	1.79:1	2.24:1

^aAll diets were formulated to have the following quantities of NE (kcal/kg), CP (%), AA (expressed as standardized ileal digestible AA; %), and minerals (%): NE, 2520; CP, 19.30; Arg, 1.20; His, 0.47; Ile, 0.72; Leu, 1.42; Lys, 1.23; Met, 0.40; Phe, 0.84; Thr, 0.73; Trp, 0.22; Val, 0.78; Na, 0.47; Cl, 0.33; and K, 0.90. Values for NE and standardized ileal digestibility, and concentration of macro minerals in ingredients were from NRC, 2012. Value for STTD Ca and STTD P are calculated value. (NRC [1], Stein et al. [2])
^bThe vitamin-micromineral premix provided the following quantities of vitamins and micro minerals per kilogram of complete diet: vitamin A as retinyl acetate, 11136 IU; vitamin D₃ as cholecalciferol, 2208 IU; vitamin E as DL-alpha tocopheryl acetate, 66 IU; vitamin K as menadione dimethylprimidinol bisulfite, 1.42 mg; thiamin as thiamine mononitrate, 0.24 mg; riboflavin, 6.59 mg; pyridoxine as pyridoxine hydrochloride, 24 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 0.03 mg; D-pantothenic acid as D-calcium pantothenate, 23.5 mg; niacin, 44.1 mg; folic acid, 1.59 mg; biotin, 0.44 mg; Cu, 20 mg as copper sulfate; Fe, 126 mg as iron sulfate; I, 1.26 mg as ethylenediamine dihydriodide; Mn, 60.2 mg as manganous sulfate; Se, 0.25 mg as sodium selenite and selenium yeast; and Zn, 124.9 mg as zinc sulfate
^cAEE = acid hydrolyzed ether extract
^dPhytate was calculated by dividing the phytate-bound P by 0.282 (Tran and Sauvant [16])
^ePhytate-bound P values were calculated from analyzed phytate-bound P in the ingredients
^fNon-phytate P was calculated as the difference between total P and phytate-bound P
^gDCAD = dietary cation-anion difference. The DCAD was calculated as Na + K – Cl

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ISSN: 2049-1891

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