Pigs receiving daily tailored diets using precision-feeding techniques have different threonine requirements than pigs fed in conventional phase-feeding systems

Table 9 Blood plasma biochemical parameters of growing barrows (25 to 42 kg body weight) fed different levels of threonine (70%, 85%, 100%, 115%, and 130% of the ideal threonine:lysine ratio of 0.65) in an individual precision-feeding (IPF) system or a group phase-feeding (GPF) system

Parameter	IPF					GPF						P-value²
Parameter	70	85	100	115	130	70	85	100	115	130	MSE¹	L	FS	L × FS
Number of observations	10	8	11	10	10	11	10	11	11	11
Urea, μmol/L	2.70	1.98	2.38	2.19	2.77	2.74	2.04	2.34	2.07	2.40	0.23	< 0.01^‡	0.51	0.83
Albumin, g/L	27.80	26.56	32.12	31.59	33.51	29.50	31.44	32.25	31.63	31.19	1.25	< 0.01^†	0.19	0.03
Creatinine, μmol/L	116.85	114.69	112.68	110.85	117.50	117.50	116.91	115.35	112.41	119.41	3.69	0.25	0.39	1.00
Lactic acid dehydrogenase, U/L	585.34	581.88	535.13	532.60	570.35	524.96	485.73	537.90	468.60	557.14	47.66	0.53	0.06	0.72
Total protein, g/L	62.65	64.26	65.33	66.90	67.48	61.86	65.56	64.37	66.00	66.13	1.52	0.01^†	0.52	0.89
Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L	36.75	44.96	38.35	43.80	43.09	36.89	37.50	36.60	36.48	44.21	3.50	0.08^†	0.08	0.34
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L	47.50	40.79	39.73	40.00	38.39	41.14	45.05	44.37	36.06	43.90	3.03	0.14	0.60	0.04^a,b
Creatine kinase, U/L	1083	1561	1227	1822	1918	1108	1244	1562	1015	2172	412	0.15	0.67	0.52
Immunoglobulin G, μg/mL	11.29	11.28	9.93	11.90	10.98	9.71	10.90	9.48	11.31	11.36	1.18	0.19	0.33	0.84
C-reactive protein, μg/mL	9.25	13.02	9.98	18.35	24.78	13.88	15.81	18.46	22.82	12.68	3.56	0.05^†	0.26	0.01^a,c

¹MSE, maximum standard error
²L, level of threonine; FS, feeding system; L × FS, interaction between level of threonine and feeding system; ^†linear effect for L; ^‡quadratic effect for L; ^alinear effect within IPF; ^bcubic effect within GPF; ^cquadratic effect within GPF

ISSN: 2049-1891