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Table 1 Effect of feeding a control lower-energy diet (CON, 1.24 Mcal/kg DM; high-straw) during the whole dry period (~50 d), a higher-energy (1.54 Mcal/kg DM) diet without (OVE) rumen-protected methionine during the last 21 d before calving, or OVE plus rumen-protected methionine (Smartamine M; OVE + SM; Adisseo NA) from -21 d before calving through the first 30 d postpartum on hepatic gene expression (relative mRNA abundance, log2 back-transformed LSM) in Holstein cows

From: Supplemental Smartamine M in higher-energy diets during the prepartal period improves hepatic biomarkers of health and oxidative status in Holstein cows

 

Diet1

 

P-value3

 

CON

OVE

OVE + SM

SE2

D

T

D*T

Energy metabolism

  IGF1

1.91

1.97

2.41

0.22

0.19

<.0001

0.17

  PC

0.24

0.23

0.20

0.02

0.24

<.0001

0.09

  PCK1

0.33a

0.25b

0.31a

0.02

0.03

0.10

0.59

  PDK4

0.34

0.31

0.78

0.37

0.35

0.03

0.98

Fatty acid oxidation, Lipoprotein and Cholesterol synthesis

  ACOX1

1.34

1.21

1.27

0.07

0.41

0.75

0.61

  APOB

1.93

1.67

1.82

0.11

0.22

0.32

0.42

  BBOX1

0.39

0.36

0.38

0.02

0.61

0.04

0.96

  CPT1A

0.13

0.13

0.14

0.01

0.89

<.0001

0.49

  HMGCS2

1.13

1.00

0.93

0.10

0.32

0.22

0.56

  MTTP

1.48a

1.50a

1.28b

0.08

0.05

0.02

0.84

  PPARA

0.43

0.40

0.46

0.02

0.16

<.0001

0.03

  SLC22A5

2.89

2.92

3.08

0.29

0.88

<.0001

0.14

  TMLHE

0.42

0.40

0.41

0.02

0.68

0.003

0.39

Hepatokines

  ANGPTL4

0.01

0.01

0.02

0.002

0.34

<.0001

0.03

  FGF21

0.27

0.13

0.22

0.07

0.15

0.005

0.0006

Methionine cycle and methylation

  BHMT

1.13

0.96

1.02

0.11

0.54

0.002

0.70

  BHMT2

0.38

0.45

0.37

0.04

0.20

0.21

0.57

  DNMT1

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.001

0.53

0.03

0.64

  DNMT3A

0.99a

1.26b

1.20b

0.09

0.04

0.05

0.91

  MAT1A

1.46

1.55

1.52

0.08

0.71

0.09

0.86

  MTR

0.05a

0.03b

0.04ab

0.002

0.01

0.31

0.65

  PEMT

0.33

0.29

0.30

0.02

0.31

0.07

0.95

  SAHH

1.39

1.25

1.39

0.06

0.17

0.0003

0.0009

Antioxidant system

  CBS

1.41

1.66

1.51

0.11

0.27

0.08

0.93

  CSAD

0.23

0.26

0.22

0.04

0.64

0.0004

0.36

  CTH

0.45

0.46

0.45

0.02

0.93

0.24

0.86

  GCLC

0.06

0.06

0.05

0.004

0.80

0.01

0.35

  GPX1

1.39

1.37

1.39

0.10

0.99

0.04

0.77

  GSR

0.28

0.30

0.26

0.02

0.11

<.0001

0.11

 GSS

0.45

0.49

0.46

0.02

0.34

0.78

0.95

  SOD1

3.56

3.64

3.40

0.12

0.27

0.07

0.52

  SOD2

4.06

4.08

4.10

0.21

0.99

0.92

0.53

Inflammatory response

  CP

2.48

2.13

2.37

0.22

0.49

0.003

0.85

  HP

0.18

0.13

0.14

0.09

0.89

0.01

0.48

  NFKB1

2.29

2.14

2.48

0.14

0.25

0.04

0.83

  RXRA

0.57

0.56

0.58

0.03

0.86

0.20

0.66

  SAA2

0.01

0.01

0.02

0.002

0.68

0.02

0.95

  SOCS2

2.09

1.84

2.26

0.24

0.44

0.16

0.60

  STAT3

1.38

1.42

1.39

0.11

0.96

0.05

0.43

  STAT5B

2.30

2.26

2.45

0.07

0.15

0.002

0.07

  1. 1Prepartum dietary treatment: CON = control energy, OVE = moderate energy, OVE + SM = OVE supplemented with rumen-protected methionine (Smartamine M, Adisseo Inc.)
  2. 2SE = greatest standard error of the mean
  3. 3D = diet, T = time, D*T = diet by time interaction
  4. a, bSignificant difference among dietary groups (P ≤ 0.05). Differences reported for genes with a significant (P ≤ 0.05) Diet effect