Amino acid fortified diets for weanling pigs replacing fish meal and whey protein concentrate: Effects on growth, immune status, and gut health

Table 4 Plasma mearurements of pigs fed experimental diets

Items	FM-WPC¹	FM-AA²	WPC-AA³	AA⁴	SEM	P value
n	8	8	8	8
Phase 1, d 7
Growth hormone, ng/mL	9.205	5.277	7.232	8.225	2.170	NS⁵
Insulin, μg/L	0.026^A	0.034^AB	0.028^AB	0.058^B	0.012	0.064
Immunoglobulin G, ug/mL	0.325^ab	0.290^bc	0.362^a	0.275^c	0.028	0.024
Immunoglobulin M, ug/mL	0.058	0.060	0.066	0.060	0.006	NS
TNF-α, pg/mL	47.0	47.3	35.0	47.3	8.9	NS
Phase 2, d 28
Growth hormone, ng/mL	4.163	4.140	6.251	7.298	1.686	NS
Insulin, μg/L	0.026	0.049	0.034	0.024	0.011	NS

¹FM-WPC: a control diet with fish meal and whey protein concentrate.
²FM-AA: a diet with fish meal and amino acids replacing whey protein concentrate.
³WPC-AA: a diet with whey protein concentrate and amino acids replacing fish meal.
⁴AA: a diet with amino acids replacing both fish meal and whey protein concentrate.
⁵NS: not significant (P > 0.10).
^a-bMeans lacking a common superscript are differ within a row (P < 0.05).
^A-BMeans lacking a common superscript tend to differ within a row (0.05 ≤ P < 0.1).

ISSN: 2049-1891