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Fig. 5 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Fig. 5

From: Pterostilbene attenuates intrauterine growth retardation-induced colon inflammation in piglets by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy

Fig. 5

Pterostilbene inhibits ER stress and promotes autophagic flux in the TNF-α-treated Caco-2 cells. a Caco-2 cells were incubated with various concentrations of pterostilbene for 24 h and the cell viability was detected by the CCK8 assay (n = 6); b-d Caco-2 cells were co-incubated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) and pterostilbene (0–5 μmol/L) for 24 h and the mRNA abundance of inflammatory cytokines was measured by qRT-PCR analysis (n = 4). Caco-2 cells were co-incubated with TNF-α and pterostilbene, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4PBA), or rapamycin (RAP) for 24 h. e RT-PCR assay was conducted to detect the mRNA level of sXBP-1 in Caco-2 cells (n = 4); f, g Western blot analysis was carried out to detect the protein levels of ER stress markers, UPR sensors, and autophagy-associated proteins in Caco-2 cells (n = 4); h Autophagic flux of Caco-2 cells was analyzed through transfection with AdPlus-mCherry-GFP-LC3B. The representative immunofluorescent photographs were indicated. GFP dots are green. mCherry dots are red (n = 4). Data from at least three independent experiments were presented as mean ± SE. *P < 0.05 vs. CON group; #P < 0.05 vs. TNF-α group

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