Effects of omega-3 supplementation on components of the endocannabinoid system and metabolic and inflammatory responses in adipose and liver of peripartum dairy cows

Table 1 Milk production, feed intake, energy balance and plasma and liver indices of metabolic state during the first 14 d in lactation of dairy cows supplemented with n-3 fatty acids from flaxseed

Items	Treatment^a		SEM	P-value
	CTL	FLX
Milk production, kg/d	36.1	33.5	1.35	0.57
Fat corrected milk 4%, kg/d	33.8	33.9	1.54	0.89
Dry matter intake, kg/d	22.2	20.4	0.42	< 0.01
Energy balance, Mcal/d	-1.7	-3.5	1.01	0.22
NEFA^b, µEq/L	584.4	509.7	69.19	0.80
Glucose, mg/dL	58.9	59.1	1.21	0.95
BHBA^c, mg/dL	0.6	0.7	0.06	0.16
AST^d, u/L	959.4	979.2	24.60	0.50
TG^e, mg/dL	10.8	11.8	0.57	0.32
Cortisol, ng/mL	9.6	5.9	1.17	0.04
Liver TG^e, mg/g	111.5	100.5	5.60	0.24
Liver CH^f, mg/g	7.7	5.2	1.37	0.23

^aDairy cows were divided into two nutritional regiment groups from −21 to 60 days PP; 1) Control group (CTL)—a standard Israeli diet, 2) FLX—a standard diet supplemented with flaxseed oil containing n-3. ^bNon-esterified fatty acids; ^cBeta-hydroxybutyrate; ^dAspartate aminotransferase; ^eTriglycerides; ^fCarbohydrates. The interaction treatment × DIM were not significant for all data analyzed in this table (except liver TG and CH)

ISSN: 2049-1891