Fig. 3

Mitochondrial function was impaired after vitrification. A Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining. Scale bar = 50 μm. B Mitochondrial temperature was detected by MTY fluorescent probe. Scale bar = 50 μm. C Quantification of the mitochondria membrane potential level. D Quantification of the MTY signals. E Expression of Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1 and Drp1 was examined by qPCR. “n” represents the cell number used in this experiment. Data are presented as mean percentage (mean ± SEM) of at least three independent experiments. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001, ns non significance