Fig. 4

Effect of LPS challenge on the hepatic metabolome profiles of dairy cows with supplementary carnitine (CAR group on d 112 postpartum). A, Hepatic metabolome profiles before and after LPS challenge by PLS-DA scores plot. B, Top 15 important hepatic metabolites in the first PLS-DA component. C, The accuracy, goodness of fit (R²), and predictive ability (Q²) of the PLS-DA model as assessed by cross validation. In plot B, the blue and red squares indicate the lower and higher metabolite concentrations, respectively. Cx: Acylcarnitines of x chain length; PC: Phosphatidylcholine; SM: Sphingomyelin; lysoPC: Lysophosphatidylcholine. The specific abbreviations of these metabolites are available in Additional file 1: Table S1