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Fig. 3 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Fig. 3

From: Dietary resistant starch alleviates Escherichia coli-induced bone loss in meat ducks by promoting short-chain fatty acid production and inhibiting Malt1/NF-κB inflammasome activation

Fig. 3

RS changes the microbiota composition and promoting concomitant short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production in cecum of meat ducks. a Principal coordinate analyses (PCoA) of beta diversity based on Bray–Curtis dissimilarities of bacterial operational taxonomic units. b Relative phylum level abundance of gut bacteria. Proportion of (c) Firmicutes, (d) Bacteroidetes, and (e) Proteobacteria. f SCFAs production and SCFA receptor gene expression including G protein-coupled receptors 41 (GPR41) and GPR43 in (g) ileum and (h) bone marrow. Intestinal integrity was also assessed by (i) direct measurement using fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) and (j) the mRNA level of tight junction proteins including occluding, caudin-1, and zona occludens-1 (ZO-1). Data are expressed as mean and standard deviation. a−cMean values with different letters are significantly different by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (P < 0.05)

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

ISSN: 2049-1891