Table 1 Ingredient composition (g/100 g) and proximate (% of fed) of the test diets used for European seabass subadults

Fish meal¹

–

–

–

16

16

Fish meal²

4

4

4

45

45

Vegetable-protein mix 1³

41

33.6

13.1

–

6

Vegetable-protein mix 2⁴

20

20

20

Hermentia illucens meal⁵

–

8

8

8

–

PBM⁶

–

–

20.2

–

–

Feeding stimulants⁷

5.5

5.5

5.5

–

–

Wheat meal*

1

2.6

6.7

8.2

5.7

Whole peas*

6.7

6

5

8

11

Fish oil⁸

6

5.6

6

7.5

8

Vegetable oil mix⁹

11.5

10.4

7.7

5.4

6.4

Vitamin and mineral premix¹⁰

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Choline HCl

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Sodium phosphate (NaH₂PO4)

1.6

1.6

1.6

–

–

L-Lysine¹¹

0.4

0.4

–

–

–

DL-Methionine¹²

0.4

0.4

0.3

–

–

Celite

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

 Crude protein (N × 6.25)

45.2

45.3

45.1

45.5

45.4

 Crude lipid

20.1

20.1

20.2

20.3

20.2

 Starch¹³

6.2

6.5

7.6

8.4

8.6

 Carbohydrate¹⁴

23.2

21.2

19.5

17.8

17.8

 Moisture

4.4

5.7

5.7

4.3

4.7

 Ash

7.1

7.7

9.5

12.1

11.9

 Gross energy, MJ/kg DM

23.0

23.1

22.9

22.8

22.8