Characterization and mitigation option of greenhouse gas emissions from lactating Holstein dairy cows in East China

Table 3 Carbon dioxide emissions of lactating Holstein dairy cows with different parities^a

Items^b	SP	TP	FAP	SEM	P-value
Animal description
Metabolic weight, kg	133.5	140.5	138.3	2.31	0.633
Milk production and composition
Milk yield, kg/d	38.5	37.5	37.7	4.43	0.379
Milk fat, %	3.71	3.70	3.83	0.27	0.737
Milk protein, %	3.26	3.27	3.37	0.35	0.645
Total milk solids, %	12.4	12.6	12.4	2.74	0.794
FCM yield, kg/d	36.8	35.8	36.5	4.33	0.594
ECM yield, kg/d	37.6	36.5	37.1	5.29	0.633
Carbon dioxide emissions
Total CO₂, g/d	19,236	19,184	19,146	19.03	0.291
Total CO₂/MW, g/kg	144.5	137.2	139.0	4.78	0.516
Total CO₂/ECM, g/kg	518.8	535.1	524.4	7.53	0.668

^aSP second parity (n = 56), TP third parity (n = 30), FAP fourth and above parity (n = 25); n, number of observations in the data set
^bFCM Fat-corrected milk (kg/d) = 0.4 × milk yield (kg/d) + 15 × fat yield (kg/d). ECM Energy-corrected milk (kg/d) = milk yield (kg/d) × [(38.3 × fat (%) × 10 + 24.2 × protein (%) × 10 + 16.54 × lactose (%) × 10 + 20.7) ÷ 3140]. Total CO₂, total CO₂ production (g/d) = \( {\mathrm{CH}}_{4\left({\mathrm{CO}}_2-\mathrm{eq}\right)} \) (g/d) + CO₂ production (g/d). MW metabolic weight (kg)

ISSN: 2049-1891