Fig. 6

Investigation of DNA methylation of chicken male germ cells from E2.5 to after hatching. A Determination of global DNA methylation in left testis germ cells at E12, E16, hatch, and post-hatch (4 d, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks) by anti-5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and anti-DAZL antibody immunohistochemistry. Scale bars, 20 μm and 10 μm (enlarged images). Images are representative of those performed on n = 3 biologically independent animals at each developmental time point. B Data showing 5-mC intensity at each time point is presented as the normalized fluorescence intensity ± standard error of mean (n = 3/time point). ^a,b,c,d P < 0.05 between different time points using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post hoc test. C Violin plots showing expression of genes related to epigenetic reprogramming in male germ cells at E2.5 to 1 week post-hatch. d = Day post-hatch; w = Week post-hatch