Different dietary starch patterns in low-protein diets: effect on nitrogen efficiency, nutrient metabolism, and intestinal flora in growing pigs

Zhou, Junyan; Wang, Lu; Yang, Lijie; Yang, Guangxin; Zeng, Xiangfang; Qiao, Shiyan

doi:10.1186/s40104-022-00704-4

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Table 1 Ingredients and nutrient composition of experimental diets (as-fed basis)

From: Different dietary starch patterns in low-protein diets: effect on nitrogen efficiency, nutrient metabolism, and intestinal flora in growing pigs

Items	W LP	C + W LP	C LP	P + W LP	P LP
Ingredient, %
Waxy corn starch¹	57.91	28.95	–	28.95	–
Corn starch²	–	28.95	57.91	–	–
Field pea starch³	–	–	–	28.95	57.91
Soybean meal	20.68	20.68	20.68	20.68	20.68
Wheat bran	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00	8.00
Alfalfa meal	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00	6.00
Cellulose acetate	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Dicalcium phosphate	1.93	1.93	1.93	1.93	1.93
Limestone	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.22	0.22
Salt	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
Premix⁴	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
L-Lysine	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.53
DL-Methionine	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
L-Tryptophan	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04	0.04
L-Threonine	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.23
L-Valine	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24	0.24
L-Leucine	0.29	0.29	0.29	0.29	0.29
L-Isoleucine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
L-Phenylalanine	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16
L-Histidine	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12	0.12
Calculated composition
Net energy, kcal/kg	2550	2550	2550	2550	2550
SID Lys, %	1.01	1.01	1.01	1.01	1.01
SID SAA, %	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.58
SID Trp, %	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.18	0.18
SID Thr, %	0.63	0.63	0.63	0.63	0.63
SID Val, %	0.63	0.63	0.63	0.63	0.63
SID Leu, %	1.03	1.03	1.03	1.03	1.03
SID Ile, %	0.57	0.57	0.57	0.57	0.57
SID Phe, %	0.59	0.59	0.59	0.59	0.59
SID His, %	0.34	0.34	0.34	0.34	0.34
SID Arg, %	0.69	0.69	0.69	0.69	0.69
Analyzed composition, %
Dry matter	89.78	89.43	90.01	89.60	88.98
Crude protein	13.00	13.10	13.31	13.08	13.25
Crude fiber	3.75	3.81	3.77	3.82	3.75
Neutral detergent fiber	8.21	8.08	8.14	8.11	8.21
Acid detergent fiber	4.89	4.91	4.78	7.78	5.00
Total calcium	0.67	0.66	0.67	0.64	0.63
Total phosphorus	0.55	0.58	0.55	0.54	0.57
Total starch, g/kg	656.05	649.38	660.27	658.43	662.28
Amylose, g/kg	30.50	110.44	187.25	191.01	283.32
Amylopectin⁵, g/kg	625.55	538.94	473.02	467.42	378.96
Amylopectin/Amylose ratio	20.51	4.88	2.53	2.45	1.33

¹ Waxy corn starch were purchased from Shandong Fuyang Biological Starch Co., Ltd., with a starch purity of 99%
² Corn starch were purchased from Shandong Fuyang Biological Starch Co., Ltd., with a starch purity of 99%
³ Filed pea starch were purchased from Shandong Shandong Maidaofeng Cereals and Oils Co., Ltd., with a starch purity of 99%
⁴ Premix provided the following per kg of complete diet for growing pigs: vitamin A, 5512 IU; vitamin D₃, 2200 IU; vitamin E, 64 IU; vitamin K₃, 2.2 mg; vitamin B₁₂, 27.6 μg; riboflavin, 5.5 mg; pantothenic acid, 13.8 mg; niacin, 30.3 mg; choline chloride, 551 mg; Mn, 40 mg (MnSO₄); Fe, 100 mg (FeSO₄∙H₂O); Zn, 100 mg (ZnSO₄); Cu, 100 mg (CuSO₄∙5H₂O); I, 0.3 mg (KI); Se, 0.3 mg (Na₂SeO₃)
⁵ Amylopectin content = total starch content - amylose content
W LP waxy corn starch low-protein diet, C + W LP corn starch + waxy corn starch low-protein diet, C LP corn starch low-protein diet, P + W LP pea starch + waxy corn starch low-protein diet, P LP pea starch low-protein diet, SID standardized ileal digestibility

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ISSN: 2049-1891

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