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Table 3 Analysed nutrient and fatty acid composition of experimental diets

From: Suitability of Hermetia illucens larvae meal and fat in broiler diets: effects on animal performance, apparent ileal digestibility, gut histology, and microbial metabolites

Items

Starter period (d 1–14)

Grower period (d 15–28)

Finisher period (d 29–35)

S + 0 L

S + 50 L

S + 100 L

L + 0 L

L + 50 L

L + 100 L

S + 0 L

S + 50 L

S + 100 L

L + 0 L

L + 50 L

L + 100 L

S + 0 L

S + 50 L

S + 100 L

L + 0 L

L + 50 L

L + 100 L

Analysed nutrient composition, % DM

 Dry matter, % FM

90.0

89.9

89.7

90.2

89.8

90.2

89.3

89.4

89.0

89.5

89.4

89.6

89.4

89.3

89.0

89.0

89.6

89.7

 Crude protein

26.9

26.7

26.5

28.1

27.9

27.3

26.1

25.3

25.4

25.6

25.7

25.2

22.9

22.8

23.8

23.1

23.0

24.7

 Ether extract1

5.9

5.7

5.9

5.8

5.8

5.9

8.1

8.0

7.6

6.7

6.9

6.8

9.7

9.4

9.2

9.6

9.1

9.6

 Ash

7.0

6.7

7.1

6.9

6.6

6.8

6.3

6.5

6.5

6.3

6.3

6.2

6.3

5.9

6.0

6.0

6.0

6.4

 Sugar

4.9

4.9

5.0

4.2

4.2

4.3

4.7

4.6

4.6

3.9

4.1

4.0

4.2

4.2

4.3

3.1

3.7

3.8

 Starch

44.0

45.6

44.1

45.3

45.4

43.9

44.0

44.8

43.6

46.3

46.5

46.0

45.7

46.0

46.6

46.8

47.3

45.8

 Calcium

1.16

0.92

0.98

0.85

0.85

0.92

0.79

0.84

0.91

0.91

0.86

0.85

0.86

0.76

0.81

0.80

0.78

0.88

 Phosphorous

0.72

0.71

0.73

0.76

0.77

0.76

0.63

0.67

0.69

0.68

0.68

0.66

0.55

0.61

0.63

0.65

0.61

0.65

 Sodium

0.23

0.23

0.20

0.20

0.18

0.20

0.20

0.20

0.18

0.19

0.18

0.16

0.19

0.17

0.17

0.17

0.16

0.19

 Lysine

1.68

1.70

1.63

1.62

1.77

1.70

1.65

1.57

1.61

1.50

1.51

1.47

1.26

1.24

1.29

1.32

1.17

1.32

 Methionine

0.74

0.74

0.77

0.75

0.80

0.81

0.66

0.66

0.60

0.56

0.52

0.49

0.56

0.56

0.59

0.65

0.55

0.57

 AMEN, MJ/kg2

12.8

12.9

12.7

13.0

12.9

12.8

13.2

13.2

12.8

13.0

13.1

12.9

13.5

13.4

13.5

13.6

13.5

13.7

Fatty acid composition, % of total FAME

 C12:0 (Lauric acid)

0.0

7.3

14.9

3.9

10.4

15.5

0.9

12.1

23.4

3.6

11.6

19.3

0.9

14.6

29.6

2.5

15.8

30.7

 C14:0 (Myristic acid)

3.70

1.42

2.82

0.84

2.04

3.06

2.16

2.39

4.41

0.71

2.30

3.74

1.53

2.76

5.57

0.59

3.02

5.73

 C16:0 (Palmitic acid)

12.7

13.6

13.7

13.6

13.9

14.0

12.5

13.3

13.6

13.3

13.6

13.8

12.2

12.9

13.4

12.6

13.0

13.3

 C18:0 (Stearic acid)

2.85

2.64

2.53

2.97

2.84

2.57

3.10

2.65

2.38

3.00

2.70

2.39

3.17

2.79

2.15

3.22

2.74

2.20

 Total SFA

19.2

25.9

34.0

21.3

29.2

35.1

19.0

30.4

44.3

20.6

30.2

39.2

18.6

33.6

51.1

19.6

35.1

52.9

 C16:1

1.31

2.67

2.21

1.71

1.62

1.48

1.39

1.90

1.58

1.72

1.51

1.06

1.02

1.22

1.96

0.90

1.25

1.90

 C18:1 n-9 t (Elaidic acid)

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

 C18:1 n-9 (Oleic acid)

22.1

20.4

18.0

21.9

20.2

18.9

22.6

19.7

16.4

22.6

20.2

18.3

23.1

19.5

14.9

23.1

19.3

14.8

 Total MUFA

23.4

23.3

20.7

24.0

21.9

21.0

24.0

21.6

18.3

24.4

21.7

19.4

24.2

20.7

16.9

24.2

26.7

16.8

 C18:2 n-6 (Linoleic acid)

52.5

47.3

41.4

50.4

45.1

40.4

52.1

44.0

34.4

50.7

44.3

38.3

52.2

42.0

29.1

51.4

40.7

28.2

 C18:3 n-3 (α-Linolenic acid)

3.94

3.38

2.91

3.62

3.05

2.59

4.33

3.31

2.33

3.74

3.07

2.41

4.37

3.30

1.95

4.21

3.13

1.74

 Total PUFA

57.4

51.6

45.3

54.8

49.0

43.9

57.0

48.0

37.5

55.1

48.1

41.4

57.2

45.7

31.6

56.2

44.3

30.4

 UFA/SFA

4.2

3.0

1.9

3.7

2.4

1.9

4.3

2.3

1.3

3.9

2.3

1.5

4.4

2.0

0.9

4.1

1.8

0.9

  1. S + 0 L, SBM + 0 HI larvae fat; S + 50 L, SBM + 50% HI larvae fat; S + 100 L, SBM+ 100% HI larvae fat; L + 0 L, HI larvae meal+ 0 HI larvae fat; L + 50 L, HI larvae meal+ 50% HI larvae fat; L + 100 L, HI larvae meal+ 100% HI larvae fat FAME, fatty acid methyl esters; SFA Saturated fatty acids, MUFA Monounsaturated fatty acids, PUFA Polyunsaturated fatty acids, UFA Unsaturated fatty acids; 1with acid hydrolysis, 2 Calculated according to Kong and Adeola [31]