Clinical study | Under IBD medications | ω-3 PUFA(s) assessed | Immune response and morphological changes | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ethanol-induced duodenum lesions | No | Fish oil | ↑LTC5; ↓endoscopic and histologic lesions; =(PGE2, PGI2, TXB2) | [87] |
Pediatric ulcerative colitis in remission | Yes | EPA | ↓LTB4; =histological score | [88] |
Active distal proctocolitis | No | Fish oil | ↑Clinical, endoscopic and histological remission | [89] |
Active ulcerative colitis | No | Fish oil | ↑Clinical and histological remission | [90] |
Active ulcerative colitis | No | Fish oil | ↑Endoscopic remission; =clinical and histological score | [91] |
Active ulcerative colitis | No | Fish oil | ↑Clinical, endoscopic and histological remission | [92] |
Active ulcerative colitis or CD | Yes | Fish oil | ↑Clinical, endoscopic and histological remission | [93] |
Active ulcerative colitis or CD | Yes | Fish oil | ↓(PGE2, PGI2, TXB2) | [94] |
Active ulcerative colitis | Yes | Salmon fillet | ↑Clinical, endoscopic and histological remission | [95] |
Active ulcerative colitis | Yes | EPA | ↑Clinical and endoscopic remission | [96] |
Ulcerative colitis in remission | No | Fish oil | ↑Temporary clinical, macroscopic and histologic remission; delayed early relapse | [97] |
Ulcerative colitis in remission | Yes | EPA | ↑Endoscopic and histological remission | [98] |
Ulcerative colitis in remission | Yes | EPA | ↑(IL-10, SOCS3, IL-22, HES-1, KLF-4, goblet cell abundance, endoscopic and histological remission); ↓phospho-STAT3; =(IL-10, SOCS3, STAT3, Ki67, c-MYC, LGR5, MUC2, HES-1, KLF-4) | [99] |
Active ulcerative colitis or in remission | Yes | Fish oil | =(Bleeding, disease relapse, endoscopic and histological score) | [100] |
Active ulcerative colitis | Yes | Fish oil | =Endoscopic and histologic scores | [101] |
Quiescent ulcerative colitis | Yes | EPA and DHA | =(Disease relapse, endoscopic and histological score) | [102] |