Dietary Coleus amboinicus Lour. decreases ruminal methanogenesis and biohydrogenation, and improves meat quality and fatty acid composition in longissimus thoracis muscle of lambs

Table 11 The effect of CAL on ruminal microbial populations in lambs (Exp. 3)

Parameters	CON	CAL	SEM	P-value
Total protozoa, 10⁵/mL	6.47	8.43	0.45	< 0.01
Holotricha, 10⁵/mL	0.05	0.02	0.01	< 0.01
Entodinomorpha, 10⁵/mL	6.42	8.41	0.46	< 0.01
Total bacteria, 10⁹/mL	4.89	4.77	0.09	0.55
Streptococcus bovis*	1.01	0.83	0.26	0.75
Ruminococcus flavefaciens*	1.00	0.94	0.24	0.91
Ruminococcus albus*	1.00	4.71	0.92	0.06
Megasphaera elsdenii*	1.00	7.68	1.44	0.03
Prevotella spp.*	1.00	3.85	0.86	0.10
Lactobacillus spp.*	1.00	0.10	0.47	0.38
Fibrobacter succinogenes*	1.00	5.60	1.89	0.24
Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus*	1.00	15.9	3.03	0.02
Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens*	1.00	4.55	1.06	0.09
Total methanogens, 10⁸/mL	5.08	3.61	0.28	< 0.01
Methanobacteriales, 10⁷/mL	3.23	2.73	0.12	0.05
Methanomicrobiales, 10⁷/mL	3.08	3.00	0.13	0.75

CON control diet, CAL Coleus amboinicus Lour. diet, SEM standard error of means
*Relative transcript abundance (∆∆ CT)
Means in the same row indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 and tended to significant at P < 0.10

ISSN: 2049-1891