From: Soya saponin improves egg-laying performance and immune function of laying hens
Time, week | Group | Eggshell strength, kg/cm2 | Albumen hight, mm | Haugh unit | Egg yolk color | Eggshell thickness, mm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st-3rd (23–25 weeks old) | Control | 4.27 ± 0.28a | 8.93 ± 1.00 | 94.61 ± 5.82 | 7.85 ± 0.42 | 0.351 ± 0.015a |
50 ppm SS | 4.50 ± 0.28ab | 9.05 ± 1.71 | 93.51 ± 8.61 | 7.73 ± 0.36 | 0.349 ± 0.016a | |
500 ppm SS | 4.73 ± 0.33b | 9.16 ± 1.45 | 97.37 ± 6.42 | 7.82 ± 0.34 | 0.364 ± 0.007b | |
P-value | 0.004 | 0.931 | 0.428 | 0.744 | 0.026 | |
4th–6th (26–28 weeks old) | Control | 4.53 ± 0.18 | 8.21 ± 1.48ab | 90.85 ± 8.29 | 7.48 ± 0.28 | 0.366 ± 0.010a |
50 ppm SS | 4.73 ± 0.53 | 8.72 ± 0.49b | 92.59 ± 3.98 | 7.67 ± 0.37 | 0.375 ± 0.009b | |
500 ppm SS | 4.52 ± 0.10 | 7.38 ± 0.89a | 88.49 ± 6.50 | 7.73 ± 0.25 | 0.365 ± 0.008a | |
P-value | 0.263 | 0.017 | 0.345 | 0.161 | 0.03 | |
7th–9th (29–31 weeks old) | Control | 4.47 ± 0.47a | 8.85 ± 0.71 | 94.31 ± 5.57 | 7.21 ± 0.40 | 0.363 ± 0.015a |
50 ppm SS | 4.94 ± 0.48b | 8.90 ± 0.73 | 94.37 ± 4.02 | 7.31 ± 0.27 | 0.378 ± 0.013b | |
500 ppm SS | 4.24 ± 0.42a | 9.35 ± 1.14 | 97.20 ± 4.31 | 7.09 ± 0.37 | 0.359 ± 0.009a | |
P-value | 0.004 | 0.362 | 0.271 | 0.346 | 0.003 |