Table 5 Effect of dietary natural astaxanthin (ASTA) supplementation on the sperm motility parameters of aging layer breeder roosters

Sperm motility, %

0

63.07

61.52

63.00

61.95

0.502

0.649

0.687

0.811

2

62.55^b

65.20^ab

67.95^a

66.51^a

0.615

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.049

4

62.00^c

68.83^b

69.78^ab

71.67^a

0.851

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

6

64.40^b

65.77^b

73.41^a

76.23^a

1.229

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.611

STR, %

0

79.76

79.73

79.51

79.32

0.783

0.997

0.839

0.965

2

78.08^c

84.22^b

87.14^a

84.77^ab

0.815

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

4

79.24^c

84.27^b

87.38^a

86.64^a

0.747

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

6

76.53^b

85.28^a

86.74^a

87.41^a

1.013

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

LIN, %

0

44.78

44.57

45.51

43.03

0.429

0.224

0.259

0.186

2

45.16^c

53.48^b

55.59^a

55.96^a

0.990

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

4

48.07^c

54.10^b

57.38^a

57.47^a

0.857

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

6

45.47^c

61.14^a

61.08^a

58.09^b

1.430

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

WOB, %

0

52.73

53.16

53.07

52.09

0.408

0.811

0.604

0.422

2

53.90^c

58.39^b

59.62^b

63.09^a

0.787

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.542

4

54.27^c

61.10^ab

59.13^b

63.07^a

0.774

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.080

6

52.96^c

69.57^a

71.07^a

64.15^b

1.620

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

VCL, μm/s

0

63.23

61.61

62.29

62.57

0.396

0.572

0.726

0.256

2

62.40^c

67.73^b

76.29^a

69.39^b

1.099

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

4

60.63^d

70.74^c

80.97^b

85.91^a

2.142

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.096

6

59.89^c

73.60^b

80.76^a

83.07^a

2.009

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

VSL, μm/s

0

29.60

29.75

29.38

28.56

0.447

0.810

0.416

0.607

2

31.67^c

32.72^bc

36.37^b

46.35^a

1.354

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

4

30.82^c

38.92^b

41.51^b

45.98^a

1.268

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.132

6

30.02^b

40.53^a

37.13^a

41.16^a

1.198

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.072

VAP, μm/s

0

32.26

32.00

31.06

32.38

0.406

0.834

0.939

0.458

2

31.19^d

35.27^c

41.78^b

47.13^a

1.332

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.468

4

33.00^c

44.31^b

45.59^b

53.38^a

1.629

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.148

6

32.09^c

46.59^a

47.37^a

41.52^b

1.439

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

BCF, Hz

0

3.57

3.53

3.67

3.55

0.032

0.423

0.802

0.498

2

3.53^c

3.81^b

3.97^a

4.05^a

0.045

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.024

4

3.53^c

4.07^b

4.60^a

4.14^b

0.084

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

6

3.59^c

3.89^b

4.44^a

4.38^a

0.079

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

ALH, μm

0

2.20

2.28

2.18

2.20

0.145

0.645

0.776

0.602

2

2.12^c

2.31^bc

2.46^b

2.96^a

0.076

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.082

4

2.35^b

3.10^a

3.05^a

3.30^a

0.087

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.015

6

2.11^c

3.00^b

3.02^b

3.36^a

0.107

< 0.01

0.011

< 0.01