Skip to main content

Table 5 Effects of milk plane intake and total solid of milk on overall behavior of dairy calves under daylight condition

From: Effects of different planes of milk feeding and milk total solids concentration on growth, ruminal fermentation, health, and behavior of late weaned dairy calves during summer

Items

LPM2

HPM2

SEM1

P-value

12

17

12

17

 

PM

TS

PM × TS

Age (A)

PM × A

TS × A

PM × TS × A

Time apportioned, min/12 h

 Eating

71.52

66.75

74.98

72.88

5.62

0.39

0.54

0.81

 < 0.0001

0.01

0.53

0.38

 Ruminating

116.51

128.42

115.74

115.54

8.44

0.42

0.49

0.47

0.002

0.47

0.18

0.21

 Standing

131.95

121.00

136.77

134.59

8.27

0.27

0.43

0.60

0.71

0.49

0.87

0.33

 Lying

333.28

337.05

329.89

330.16

12.26

0.68

0.87

0.89

 < 0.0001

0.04

0.21

0.51

 NNOB3

56.02

51.55

49.33

44.62

6.95

0.33

0.51

0.99

0.34

0.48

0.73

0.56

 Drinking

10.72

15.23

13.29

22.20

2.31

0.04

0.005

0.34

0.09

0.12

0.06

0.52

Bout frequency, bouts/12 h

 Eating

8.01

8.23

9.41

7.88

0.7

0.45

0.35

0.21

0.0002

0.13

0.51

0.66

 Ruminating

11.63

12.93

11.47

13.52

0.69

0.75

0.01

0.59

0.25

0.13

0.59

0.36

 Standing

16.57

15.68

15.47

16.04

0.50

0.46

0.74

0.15

0.0004

0.05

0.03

0.32

 Lying

16.23

16.08

15.70

16.30

0.53

0.77

0.67

0.49

0.003

0.15

0.12

0.60

Bout duration, min/bout

 Eating

9.24

9.05

8.39

8.85

0.63

0.41

0.83

0.61

 < 0.0001

0.43

0.21

0.72

 Ruminating

10.40

10.06

10.49

8.52

0.58

0.22

0.05

0.17

 < 0.0001

0.60

0.86

0.37

 Standing

8.09

7.85

9.05

8.88

0.7

0.16

0.77

0.96

0.16

0.14

0.41

0.60

 Lying

21.16

21.39

21.76

20.63

1.13

0.94

0.69

0.55

0.17

0.74

0.94

0.32

  1. 1Standard error of the means
  2. 2(1) calves fed low plane of milk (LPM) intake with 12% TS (LPM-12%TS; total milk intake = 383 L; TS intake = 45.9 kg), (2) calves fed LPMintake with 17% TS (LPM-17%TS; total milk intake = 383 L; TS intake = 65.1 kg), (3) calves fed high plane of milk (HPM) intake with 12% TS (HPM-12%TS; total milk intake = 531 L; TS intake = 63.7 kg); and (4) calves fed HPM intake with 17% TS (HPM-17%; total milk intake = 531 L; TS intake = 90.3 kg)
  3. 3NNOB Non-nutritive oral behaviors refer to licking any surface, tongue rolling, etc.