Effects of different planes of milk feeding and milk total solids concentration on growth, ruminal fermentation, health, and behavior of late weaned dairy calves during summer

Table 2 Effects of milk plane and milk total solid content on overall performance parameters of dairy calves during the study

Items	LPM²		HPM²		SEM¹	P values
Items	12	17	12	17	SEM¹	PM	TS	PM × TS	Age (A)	PM × A	TS × A	PM × TS × A
Milk TS intake, kg	45.9	65.1	63.7	90.3	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Milk ME intake³, Mcal	3.12^d	4.28^c	4.34^b	5.95^a	0.008	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	–	–	–	–
PMR intake, g/d	1,051.9	899.5	862.3	739.9	67.37	0.01	0.05	0.82	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.004	0.33
Total DMI⁴, g/d	1,519.2	1,561.8	1,510.6	1,657.9	67.06	0.52	0.16	0.44	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.05	0.003
Total ME intake, Mcal	5.9	6.3	6.2	7.1	0.21	0.01	0.003	0.29	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.01	0.0001
BW⁵, kg	78.9	83.8	82.3	90.9	1.90	0.01	0.001	0.33	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.03
PMR ME intake, Mcal	3.4	2.9	2.8	2.4	0.22	0.01	0.05	0.82	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.004	0.33
ADG6, g/d	830.4	888.8	859.3	953.5	37.32	0.22	0.05	0.64	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	0.24
Feed efficiency⁷	0.59	0.59	0.58	0.60	0.01	0.79	0.39	0.67	< 0.0001	0.0002	0.01	0.48

¹Standard error of the means
²(1) calves fed low plane of milk (LPM) intake with 12% TS (LPM-12%TS; total milk intake = 383 L; TS intake = 45.9 kg), (2) calves fed LPM intake with 17% TS (LPM-17%TS; total milk intake = 383 L; TS intake = 65.1 kg), (3) calves fed high plane of milk (HPM) intake with 12% TS (HPM-12%TS; total milk intake = 531 L; TS intake = 63.7 kg); and (4) calves fed HPM intake with 17% TS (HPM-17%; total milk intake = 531 L; TS intake = 90.3 kg)
³ME Metabolizable energy
⁴DMI Dray matter intake
⁵BW Body weight
⁶ADG Average daily gain
⁷Feed efficiency was calculated from dividing ADG (g/d) by daily DMI (g/d)
^a⁻^cMeans within a row with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05)

ISSN: 2049-1891