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Fig. 7 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology

Fig. 7

From: Galacto-oligosaccharides improve barrier function and relieve colonic inflammation via modulating mucosa-associated microbiota composition in lipopolysaccharides-challenged piglets

Fig. 7

Effects of GOS on the cytokine concentration in suckling piglets. a The change of IL-1β. b The change of IL-6. c The change of IL-8. d The change of IL-10. e The change of TNF-α. f The change of TGF-β. P values < 0.05 were considered significant, P values between 0.05 and 0.10 were considered as a tendency. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM, n =  6. CON, control group; LPS-CON, piglets challenged with LPS; LPS-GOS, piglets fed with GOS and challenged with LPS. * means P < 0.05, ** means P < 0.01

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