Vitamin K alleviates bone calcium loss caused by Salmonella Enteritidis through carboxylation of osteocalcin

Table 2 Effect of dietary vitamin K (VK) supplementation and Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) challenge on laying performance of laying hens (n = 20)

VK, mg/kg	SE^c	Laying rate, %		Daily egg mass, g		Egg weight, g	Daily feed intake, g/d/bird			Feed conversion, g/g		Broken eggs, %		Mortality, %
VK, mg/kg	SE^c	Week 32–42	Week 43–44	Week 32–42	Week 43–44	Week 32–42	Week 43–44	Week 32–42	Week 43–44	Week 32–42	Week 43–44	Week 32–42	Week 43–44	Week 32–42	Week 43–44
0	–	92.6	87.1	55.24	52.49	59.62	60.23	116.91	101.20	2.11	1.93	3.16	0.00	11.9	18.4
0	+		84.5		50.64		59.99		99.32		1.96		0.00		26.6
2	–	94.5	92.4	56.75	55.92	60.06	60.49	114.83	105.23	2.03	1.89	2.08	3.45	5.0	18.4
2	+		90.8		54.49		60.08		106.78		1.96		0.00		26.6
	SEM^d	0.986	2.600	0.646	1.506	0.338	0.646	2.715	3.449	0.061	0.039	0.725	1.026	3.708	0.000
0		–	85.8^b	–	51.56^b	–	60.11	–	100.26	–	1.95	–	0.00	–	22.5
2		–	91.6^a	–	55.21^a	–	60.28	–	106.01	–	1.92	–	1.72	–	22.5
	SEM^d	–	1.839	–	1.065	–	0.457	–	2.439	–	0.028	–	0.726	–	0.000
	–	–	89.8	–	54.21	–	60.36	–	103.21	–	1.91	–	1.72	–	18.4^b
	+	–	87.6	–	52.57	–	60.03	–	103.06	–	1.96	–	0	–	26.6^a
	SEM^d	–	1.839	–	1.065	–	0.457	–	2.439	–	0.028	–	0.726	–	0.000
	VK	0.215	0.046	0.130	0.032	0.381	0.794	0.600	0.121	0.379	0.578	0.316	0.119	0.216	–
P-values³	SE	–	0.419	–	0.297	–	0.619	–	0.965	–	0.207	–	0.119	–	< 0.010
	VK × SE	–	0.846	–	0.890	–	0.901	–	0.627	–	0.578	–	0.119	–	–

^{a, b}Means within a column with no common superscripts differ (P < 0.05)
^cSE Salmonella Enteritidis; –, without SE challenge; +, with SE challenge
^dSEM Pooled standard error of the mean
³P-values for main effect of VK, the main effect of SE challenge, and the interaction between the VK treatments and SE challenge

ISSN: 2049-1891