Table 3 Deoxynivalenol concentrations in feedsa
From: Occurrence of Aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in feeds in China during 2018–2020
Item | Year | NO. of samples | Positive samples, μg/kg | Numbers of samples in the range, μg/kg | The rate of over standard, % | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | Mean | Medain | Maximum | < 100 | 100–1000 | 1000–5000 | > 5000 | ||||
Corn | 2018 | 229 | 98.7 | 574.5 | 547.3 | 1,839.2 | 3 | 212 | 14 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 255 | 99.6 | 627.1 | 615.5 | 1,525.7 | 1 | 231 | 23 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 215 | 100 | 686.3 | 630.8 | 3,343.6 | 0 | 187 | 28 | 0 | 0 | |
Dried distillers grains with soluble | 2018 | 82 | 100 | 1,439.2 | 1,367.8 | 6,430.6 | 0 | 30 | 51 | 1 | 1.2 |
2019 | 22 | 100 | 1,171.7 | 1,057.1 | 3,004.3 | 0 | 9 | 13 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 23 | 100 | 1,570.9 | 1,346.6 | 3,343.6 | 0 | 5 | 18 | 0 | 0 | |
Corn germ meal | 2018 | 28 | 100 | 681.2 | 649.3 | 1,741.9 | 0 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 23 | 100 | 898.8 | 759.4 | 2,642.8 | 0 | 19 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 10 | 100 | 1,342.0 | 908.3 | 4,039.4 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | |
Corn bran | 2018 | 33 | 100 | 1,240.4 | 939.9 | 4,985.2 | 0 | 19 | 14 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 19 | 100 | 1,093.4 | 890.2 | 4,278.4 | 0 | 11 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 16 | 100 | 1,349.2 | 1,017.7 | 2,927.9 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Corn gluten meal | 2018 | 21 | 100 | 4,58.0 | 430.7 | 846.6 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 4 | 100 | 504.6 | 469.8 | 680.2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 1 | 100 | 741.0 | 741.0 | 741.0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Wheat | 2018 | 110 | 100 | 887.6 | 773.8 | 2,035.7 | 0 | 77 | 33 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 34 | 100 | 775.4 | 769.6 | 1,738.2 | 0 | 27 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 27 | 100 | 723.4 | 678.2 | 2,790.1 | 0 | 25 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
Wheat middling | 2018 | 34 | 100 | 1,925.4 | 1,529.7 | 9,186.4 | 0 | 4 | 29 | 1 | 2.9 |
2019 | 46 | 100 | 983.3 | 905.6 | 2,638.7 | 0 | 30 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 28 | 96.4 | 774.6 | 585.4 | 2,356.3 | 1 | 20 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
Wheat bran | 2018 | 148 | 100 | 1,447.9 | 1,370.6 | 1,665.4 | 0 | 49 | 99 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 86 | 100 | 1,388.5 | 1,381.5 | 3,650.8 | 0 | 29 | 57 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 41 | 97.6 | 1,356.1 | 1,235.3 | 3,370.5 | 1 | 17 | 23 | 0 | 0 | |
Soybean meal | 2018 | 118 | 98.3 | 516.9 | 510.2 | 967.0 | 2 | 116 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 23 | 100 | 459.6 | 487.2 | 659.6 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 36 | 97.2 | 530.5 | 532.5 | 1,140.6 | 1 | 34 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
Wheat flour | 2019 | 4 | 100 | 700.7 | 698.1 | 1,151.3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
2020 | 13 | 100 | 482.1 | 426.4 | 855.6 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Soybean bran | 2018 | 1 | 100 | 664.0 | 664.0 | 664.0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 4 | 100 | 783.7 | 749.6 | 1,068.7 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 19 | 100 | 1,274.6 | 1,062.6 | 2,741.0 | 0 | 9 | 10 | 0 | 0 | |
Rapeseed meal | 2018 | 24 | 100 | 691.9 | 622.5 | 1,321.3 | 0 | 20 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 4 | 100 | 482.7 | 416.5 | 785.9 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 5 | 100 | 629.7 | 650.2 | 701.4 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Peanut meal | 2018 | 27 | 100 | 796.3 | 765.3 | 1,576.7 | 0 | 21 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 5 | 100 | 1,045.1 | 1,034.8 | 1,203.4 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 9 | 100 | 603.4 | 695.4 | 830.9 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Fish meal | 2018 | 67 | 100 | 520.8 | 469.7 | 1,082.8 | 0 | 66 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 12 | 100 | 534.2 | 512.3 | 956.6 | 0 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Grass grain | 2018 | 68 | 100 | 1,625.7 | 1,449.5 | 4,079.1 | 0 | 18 | 50 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 41 | 100 | 1,101.6 | 968.0 | 3,712.2 | 0 | 22 | 19 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 16 | 100 | 994.5 | 1,011.1 | 1,550.5 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
Unite bran | 2018 | 12 | 100 | 801.5 | 697.9 | 1,632.6 | 0 | 9 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 14 | 100 | 672.3 | 606.2 | 1,781.3 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 15 | 100 | 754.6 | 676.9 | 1,240.4 | 0 | 9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
Rice bran | 2019 | 4 | 100 | 1,613.8 | 744.9 | 4,505.0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
2020 | 14 | 100 | 682.1 | 582.7 | 1,549.0 | 0 | 11 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
Complete pig feed | 2018 | 317 | 99.4 | 572.0 | 536.8 | 2,158.6 | 2 | 293 | 22 | 0 | 6.9 |
2019 | 214 | 99.5 | 744.8 | 657.1 | 3,712.2 | 1 | 184 | 29 | 0 | 13.6 | |
2020 | 89 | 100 | 661.0 | 678.4 | 1,197.8 | 0 | 85 | 4 | 0 | 4.5 | |
Complete poultry feed | 2018 | 248 | 99.2 | 539.3 | 527.0 | 1,261.5 | 2 | 241 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 144 | 100 | 636.5 | 542.6 | 2,638.7 | 0 | 124 | 20 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 180 | 100 | 806.6 | 767.4 | 2,970.1 | 0 | 147 | 33 | 0 | 0 | |
Complete ruminant feed | 2018 | 117 | 100 | 640.6 | 574.3 | 1,368.1 | 0 | 103 | 14 | 0 | 0 |
2019 | 46 | 97.8 | 752.2 | 732.7 | 2,254.7 | 1 | 36 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
2020 | 62 | 100 | 863.4 | 804.2 | 2,613.7 | 0 | 46 | 16 | 0 | 0 | |