Pyrroloquinoline quinone regulates the redox status in vitro and in vivo of weaned pigs via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

Table 5 Effects of dietary PQQ supplementation on intestinal morphology in weaned pigs¹

Item	Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium levels,%				SEM	P-value
Item	0	0.15	0.30	0.45	SEM	ANOVA	Linear	Quadratic
Duodenum
Villus height, μm	332.00^b	347.67^ab	426.67^b	366.50^ab	22.30	0.04	0.09	0.11
Crypt depth, μm	281.17	268.00	209.83	213.83	26.50	0.17	0.05	0.75
Villus height/Crypt depth	1.22	1.36	2.22	1.99	0.29	0.08	0.06	0.53
Jejunum
Villus height, μm	311.95	271.55	326.70	335.26	16.00	0.05	0.10	0.14
Crypt depth, μm	233.26^a	181.51^ab	135.27^b	197.43^a	15.00	< 0.01	0.11	< 0.01
Villus height/Crypt depth	1.40^b	1.54^b	2.46^a	1.71^ab	0.16	< 0.01	0.32	0.01
Ileum
Villus height, μm	275.51^b	256.47^b	363.13^a	289.20^ab	19.00	< 0.01	0.10	0.17
Crypt depth, μm	197.39^a	164.37^ab	131.28^b	138.07^b	14.10	0.02	0.13	0.18
Villus height/Crypt depth	1.48^b	1.58^b	2.98^a	2.56^a	0.41	0.04	0.08	0.53

¹ SEM standard error of the mean; the values are means ± SEM; 6 replicates. The linear and quadratic differences are with respect to pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium levels. Means within a row lacking a common letter are significantly different (P < 0.05)

ISSN: 2049-1891