Fig. 3

Effects of PQQ on levels of ROS and ROS-regulating proteins in cells cultured with H₂O₂. a, Level of ROS in IPEC-J2 cells. b, Western blot analysis of bax, bcl-2 and Caspase-3. Densitometric values were normalized to those of Tubulin. CTRL, cells cultured with basal medium; H₂O₂, cells cultured with 200 μmol/L H₂O₂ for 2 h; PQQ, cells cultured with 10 nmol/L PQQ for 6 h and then incubated with both 200 μmol/L H₂O₂ and 10 nmol/L PQQ for another 2 h. * denotes a significant difference (P < 0.05) with respect to the CTRL group. # denotes a significant difference (P < 0.05) with respect to the H₂O₂ group. n = 3