Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance, calf growth performance, and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis

Table 9 Relative expression of genes regulating myogenesis and adipogenesis in Longissimus muscle of the steers born from dams supplemented with Ca salts of saturated/monounsaturated fatty acids (CON) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) during late gestation¹

Gene⁵	Birth		Weaning		P-value⁴
Gene⁵	CON²	PUFA³	CON	PUFA	Trt	Time	Trt × time
MYH1	0.854	0.897	1.324	1.212	0.85	< 0.01	0.50
MYH2	1.014	0.883	1.367	1.159	0.18	0.01	0.90
MYH7	1.032^b	0.923^c	1.136^a	1.173^a	0.18	< 0.01	0.02
PAX7	1.134	1.067	0.971	0.979	0.34	< 0.01	0.18
MYF5	1.418	0.987	0.915	0.894	0.08	0.01	0.07
MYF6	0.887	0.627	1.694	1.544	0.18	< 0.01	0.23
MYOD1	0.979	0.884	1.386	1.174	0.34	0.02	0.80
MYOG	1.053	0.830	1.280	1.042	0.08	0.05	0.88
MEF2C	1.504	1.323	0.976	0.969	0.56	< 0.01	0.50
C/EBPα	0.505	0.531	1.905	2.102	0.59	< 0.01	0.86
C/EBPβ	0.186^c	0.163^c	0.422^b	0.566^a	0.46	< 0.01	0.04
ZFP423	0.836	0.735	1.764	1.844	0.69	< 0.01	0.26
FABP4	0.154	0.271	0.738	0.481	0.88	0.02	0.25
PPARG	0.316	0.298	0.727	0.679	0.63	< 0.01	0.98
AGPAT1	1.245	1.147	1.225	1.376	0.81	0.23	0.16
PPARGC1A	0.609	0.472	0.911	0.995	0.77	0.01	0.37

¹Means are back-transformed if transformation was conducted; means within a row with different superscript differ at P ≤ 0.05
²CON = cows were supplemented soybean hulls mixed with 155 g DM/cow/d EnerGII (Virtus Nutrition LLC, Corcoran, CA) for 77 ± 6 d prepartum
³PUFA = cows were supplemented soybean hulls mixed with 80 g DM/cow/d Strata + 80 g DM/cow/d Prequel (Virtus Nutrition LLC, Corcoran, CA) for 77 ± 6 d prepartum
⁴Trt Treatment effect, Trt × time Interaction between treatment and time
⁵MYH1 Myosin heavy chain 1, MYH2 Myosin heavy chain 2, MYH7 Myosin heavy chain 7, PAX7 Paired box protein 7, MYF5 Myogenic factor 5, MYF6 Myogenic factor 6, MYOD1 Myogenic differentiation 1, MYOG Myogenin, MEF2C Myocyte enhancer factor 2C, C/EBPα CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha, C/EBPβ CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta, ZFP423 Zinc finger protein 423, FABP4 Fatty acid binding protein 4, PPARG Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma, AGPAT1 Acylglycerol phosphate acyltransferase 1, PPARGC1A PPARG coactivator 1 alpha

ISSN: 2049-1891