|
Nutrient
|
Effect
|
|---|
|
Treatment
|
Pregnancy type
|
Fetal sex
|
|---|
|
CO
|
P4
|
Single
|
Twin
|
Male
|
Female
|
|---|
|
Amino acid
|
|
Alanine
|
512.8 ± 36.7
|
492.3 ± 55.6
|
456 ± 38.6a
|
545.8 ± 46.6b
|
500.5 ± 40.5
|
509 ± 51.6
|
|
β-Alanine
|
129.6 ± 12.6
|
121 ± 15.5
|
144.5 ± 16.5
|
109.5 ± 9.8
|
126.8 ± 9.8
|
124.5 ± 19.9
|
|
Arginine
|
137.2 ± 14.7
|
138.4 ± 10.6
|
135.6 ± 11.1
|
139.6 ± 14.9
|
144.6 ± 13.1
|
127 ± 12.6
|
|
Asparagine
|
59.4 ± 6.2
|
54.3 ± 4.8
|
54 ± 4.7
|
60 ± 6.5
|
60 ± 6.2
|
53 ± 4
|
|
Aspartate
|
33.1 ± 4.1
|
32.6 ± 5.4
|
25.4 ± 3a
|
39.4 ± 5b
|
31.6 ± 4.4
|
34.7 ± 5
|
|
Citrulline
|
87.3 ± 6.1
|
93.7 ± 11.7
|
98.9 ± 9.2
|
82.3 ± 7.8
|
87.3 ± 5.9
|
94.1 ± 12.6
|
|
Glutamate
|
600.5 ± 58.5
|
549.9 ± 78.2
|
507.4 ± 62.9
|
640.9 ± 66.2
|
578.5 ± 62.4
|
578.8 ± 73.5
|
|
Glutamine
|
232.7 ± 19.1
|
245.9 ± 25.1
|
218.5 ± 20.5
|
255.8 ± 21.5
|
242.6 ± 19.1
|
232.2 ± 25.5
|
|
Glycine
|
556.6 ± 56.7
|
622.6 ± 68.4
|
495.5 ± 36.3a
|
663.6 ± 70.3b
|
566.2 ± 55.1
|
613.6 ± 72.3
|
|
Histidine
|
49.7 ± 3
|
55.4 ± 5.3
|
54.2 ± 4.7
|
50.4 ± 3.5
|
54.2 ± 3.8
|
49.1 ± 4.2
|
|
Isoleucine
|
98 ± 5.6
|
89.3 ± 8.4
|
92.8 ± 6.9
|
95.5 ± 6.9
|
95.2 ± 6.3
|
92.8 ± 7.7
|
|
Leucine
|
198.1 ± 9.9
|
179.6 ± 17.5
|
187.2 ± 14.5
|
192.5 ± 12.7
|
186.6 ± 13.1
|
196.1 ± 12.9
|
|
Lysine
|
116.9 ± 9.5
|
112.5 ± 14.9
|
124.3 ± 13.8
|
106.9 ± 9.7
|
120.9 ± 11.4
|
106.1 ± 11.6
|
|
Methionine
|
26.8 ± 2.3
|
28.1 ± 3.3
|
31.5 ± 3.2a
|
23.7 ± 1.9b
|
28.5 ± 2.7
|
25.6 ± 2.6
|
|
Ornithine
|
123.6 ± 9.8
|
127.7 ± 19.9
|
136.6 ± 16.4
|
115.5 ± 12.4
|
125.1 ± 12.8
|
125.8 ± 17.1
|
|
Phenylalanine
|
104.2 ± 6.1
|
92.6 ± 7.6
|
98.9 ± 7.7
|
99.4 ± 6.3
|
99.7 ± 6.4
|
98.4 ± 7.6
|
|
Serine
|
860.5 ± 72.1
|
752.5 ± 76.3
|
697.8 ± 53.7a
|
915 ± 79.9b
|
843.7 ± 64.7
|
768.7 ± 90.6
|
|
Taurine
|
128.7 ± 13.5
|
109.4 ± 16.1
|
134.1 ± 18
|
108.3 ± 11
|
123.5 ± 12.2
|
115.6 ± 18.8
|
|
Threonine
|
239.9 ± 24.8
|
205.4 ± 26.7
|
277.1 ± 30.7a
|
179.4 ± 13.5b
|
256 ± 25.5a
|
178.4 ± 18.5b
|
|
Tryptophan
|
35.4 ± 2.3
|
31.1 ± 2.8
|
36.9 ± 3a
|
30.6 ± 1.9b
|
34.6 ± 2.6
|
31.9 ± 2.4
|
|
Tyrosine
|
115.5 ± 10.8
|
100.1 ± 8.9
|
116.8 ± 13.1
|
101.9 ± 7.3
|
103 ± 9.1
|
117.6 ± 12.1
|
|
Valine
|
256.8 ± 13.8
|
218.6 ± 19.3
|
262.3 ± 18a
|
220.3 ± 14.3b
|
244.6 ± 15.7
|
233.7 ± 18.4
|
|
Agmatine and polyamines
|
|
Agmatine
|
214.5 ± 8.5
|
231.9 ± 13.7
|
226.7 ± 9.6
|
218 ± 11.9
|
225.4 ± 11.5
|
219.9 ± 10.5
|
|
Putrescine
|
8.0 ± 0.8
|
6.5 ± 1.1
|
8.8 ± 0.9a
|
6.1 ± 0.7b
|
7.9 ± 0.9
|
6.6 ± 1
|
|
Spermidine
|
2.0 ± 0.3
|
2.0 ± 0.4
|
2.5 ± 0.4
|
1.5 ± 0.2
|
2.1 ± 0.3
|
1.8 ± 0.3
|
|
Spermine
|
7.3 ± 0.9
|
6.3 ± 1.1
|
7.3 ± 1
|
6.4 ± 1
|
7.3 ± 1.1
|
6.1 ± 0.6
|
|
Hexose sugars
|
|
Glucose
|
1934 ± 212.8
|
2231 ± 475.4
|
1722 ± 237.7
|
2369 ± 374.6
|
2377 ± 301.4
|
1532 ± 303
|
|
Fructose
|
2019 ± 640.9
|
3212 ± 1166
|
3836 ± 1260
|
1437 ± 225
|
1973 ± 640
|
3277 ± 1160
|
- Concentrations of nutrients in fetal plasma out of ewes treated with either CO (n = 14) or P4 (n = 10), from either singleton (n = 14) or twin pregnancies (n = 10), and either male (n = 21) or female (n = 13). Values represent means ± SEM. Different superscripts within Effect columns are significantly different (P < 0.05)
